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. 2025 Apr 28;16:1573721. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2025.1573721

Table 4.

Clinical-demographic description of the cross-sectional sample.

Parameter Transversal study Longitudinal study
Sample size n = 25 participants
n = 30 drugs
n = 31 participants
n = 36 drugs
Sex
Men
Women
n = 14 men
n = 11 women
n = 20 men
n = 16 women
Current age (years) 48.8 (13.5) 50.9 (13.7)
Age at diagnosis (years) 41.7 (12.9) 43.2 (13.7)
Time since onset (years) 6.4 (4.5) 6.4 (4.9)
Surgery
Yes
No
n = 22
n = 3
n = 26
n = 5
Number of surgeries
1
2
n = 19
n = 3
n = 21
n = 5
Surgery at external site
Yes
No
n = 6
n = 16
n = 6
n = 20
Radiotherapy
Yes
No
n = 14
n = 11
n = 14
n = 17
Therapeutic modality
Surgery only
Surgery and radiotherapy
None
n = 8
n = 14
n = 3
n = 12
n = 14
n = 5
Immunostaining*
GH
GH + PRL
GH + TSH
n = 11
n = 9
n = 0
n = 12
n = 11
n = 1
Granule density**
Low
Dense
n = 12
n = 2
n = 14
n = 3
Type 2 diabetes mellitus diagnosis***
Yes
No
n = 12
n = 8
n = 13
n = 18
Type 2 diabetes mellitus treatment
DPP4i
GLP1Ra
basal insulin
ultrarapid insulin
metformin
SGLT2i
sulfonylurea
n = 1
n = 0
n = 2
n = 2
n = 12
n = 2
n = 1
n = 2
n = 2
n = 1
n = 0
n = 15
n = 2
n = 2

*n = 2 participants at external site did not provide immunostaining results.

**n = 8 participants did not have granule density in their pathology report.

***In the case of the longitudinal study, this refers to diagnosis of T2DM at the end of the follow-up period.