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. 2025 May 12;23(5):e9382. doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2025.9382
Host status Host name Plant family Common name References
Cultivated hosts Acacia sp. Fabaceae Dekle (1965)
Achras sapota Sapotaceae Clavijo (1977)
Aglaonema commutatum Araceae Chinese evergreen, silver queen aglaonema Dekle (1965)
Aleurites moluccanus Euphorbiaceae Candle nut, Indian walnut, varnish tree Gómez‐Menor (1941, as cited in Garcia Morales et al., 2016)
Allamanda cathartica Apocynaceae Butter cup, common trumpetvine, golden trumpet, yellow allamanda Clavijo (1977)
Anacardium occidentale Anacardiaceae Cashew, cashew apple, cashew nut Clavijo (1977)
Anacardium sp. Anacardiaceae Watson (2002)
Annona atemoya Annonaceae Pineapple sugar apple Martins et al. (2022)
Annona cherimola Annonaceae Cherimoya, custard apple, graviola, sugar apple, sweet apple Bartra (1974)
Annona muricata Annonaceae Prickly custard apple, soursop Bartra (1974)
Annona sp. Annonaceae Watson (2002)
Annona squamosa Annonaceae Cachiman, Cuban sugar apple, custard apple, sugar apple, sweetsop Dekle (1965)
Antidesma sp. Phyllanthaceae Watson (2002)
Apeiba aspera Malvaceae Normark et al. (2019)
Apeiba tibourbou Malvaceae Tobago sandbox Normark et al. (2019)
Ardisia crenata Primulaceae Coral berry Mamet (1958)
Ardisia sp. Primulaceae Watson (2002)
Areca sp. Arecaceae TRACES‐NT (online); EUROPHYT (online)
Artocarpus heterophyllus Moraceae Jackfruit Williams and Watson (1988, as cited in Garcia Morales et al., 2016)
Artocarpus sp. Moraceae Mamet (1958)

Arundina graminifolia

(= Arundina bambusifolia)

Orchidaceae Bamboo orchid Williams and Watson (1988, as cited in Garcia Morales et al. 2016)
Arundinaria sp. Orchidaceae Watson (2002)
Beaucarnea guatemalensis Asparagaceae Guatemala ponytail, ponytail tree, red ponytail palm Jansen and Alferink (2023)

Benkara scandens

(= Gardenia scandens)

Rubiaceae Williams and Watson (1988, as cited in Garcia Morales et al., 2016)
Bignonia sp. Bignoniaceae Watson (2002)
Brosimum utile Moraceae Cow tree, milk tree Normark et al. (2014)
Brunfelsia americana Solanaceae Lady of the night Dekle (1965)
Brunfelsia nitida Solanaceae Merrill and Chaffin (1923, as cited in Garcia Morales et al., 2016)
Brunfelsia sp. Solanaceae Watson (2002)
Brunfelsia uniflora Solanaceae Manaca rain tree, vegetable mercury Martins et al. (2022)

Bulbostylis

(= Stenophyllus)

Cyperaceae Mamet (1958)
Bursera simaruba Burseraceae Gumbo limbo Dekle (1965)
Calathea sp. Marantaceae Williams and Watson (1988, as cited in Garcia Morales et al., 2016)
Calea sp. Asteraceae Watson (2002)
Camellia japonica Theaceae Camellia, Japanese camellia Clavijo (1977)
Camellia sinensis Theaceae Tea, tea plant Mamet (1958)

Campsis radicans

(= Tecoma radicans)

Bignoniaceae Cow itch vine, hummingbird vine, red trumpet vine, trumpet creeper, trumpet vine Mamet (1958)
Canna generalis Cannaceae Canna lily Clavijo (1977)
Carapa guianensis Meliaceae Crab oil tree, Guiana crabwood Normark et al. (2014)
Carica papaya Caricaceae Papaw, papaya, pawpaw, tree melon Martins et al. (2004)
Carissa macrocarpa (= Carissa grandiflora) Apocynaceae Big num‐num, carissa, large num‐num, Natal plum Brain (1918, as cited in Garcia Morales et al., 2016)
Carissa sp. Apocynaceae Watson (2002)

Carissa spinarum

(= Carissa edulis)

Apocynaceae Bush plum, conkerberry, simple‐spined num‐num Mamet (1958)
Castilla sp. Moraceae de Seabea (1917)
Ceratonia siliqua Fabaceae Carob, carob tree, locust bean, locust tree, St John's bread Mamet (1958)
Ceratonia sp. Fabaceae Watson (2002)
Cespedesia macrophylla Ochnaceae Normark et al. (2019)
Cestrum sp. Solanaceae Jessamine Dekle (1965)
Chamaerops humilis Arecaceae Dwarf fan palm, Mediterranean palm palmetto Dekle (1965)
Chrysobalanus icaco Chrysobalanaceae Coco plum Clavijo (1977)
Chrysophyllum argenteum Sapotaceae Bris Normark et al. (2019)
Chrysophyllum oliviforme Sapotaceae Satin leaf Mestre Novoa et al. (2011)
Chrysophyllum sp. Sapotaceae

Watson (2002)

Marlatt (1908, as cited in Garcia Morales et al., 2016)

Citrulus sinensis Cucurbitaceae Loayza et al. (2003, ARTIFICIAL)
Citrus aurantifolia Rutaceae Lime Ceballos and Hernández (1988)
Citrus aurantium Rutaceae Bitter orange, sour orange de la Hoz González (1983)

Citrus japonica

(= Fortunella japonica)

Rutaceae Kumquat Williams and Watson (1988, as cited in Garcia Morales et al., 2016)
Citrus latifolia Rutaceae Tahiti lime, Persian lime Cassino and Rodrigues (2005)
Citrus limon Rutaceae Lemon Ceballos and Hernández (1986)

Citrus maxima

(= Citrus decumana)

Rutaceae Pomelo Mamet (1958)
Citrus nobilis Rutaceae Tangor Gowdey (1921)
Citrus paradisi Rutaceae Grapefruit Ceballos and Hernández (1986)
Citrus reticulata Rutaceae Mandarin orange, mandarin, mandarine, tangerine Soares et al. (1998)
Citrus sinensis Rutaceae Sweet orange de la Hoz González (1983)
Citrus sinensis x Citrus reticulata Rutaceae Fischer et al. (2009)
Citrus sp. Rutaceae Citrus Campos (1993)
Claoxylon sp. Euphorbiaceae Watson (2002)
Cocos nucifera Arecaceae Coconut palm Beingolea (1994)
Codiaeum sp. Euphorbiaceae Watson (2002)
Codiaeum variegatum Euphorbiaceae Croton Dekle (1965)
Coffea arabica Rubiaceae Arabian coffee, coffee tree de la Hoz González (1983)

Coffea canephora

(= Coffea robusta)

Rubiaceae Congo coffee/ robusta coffee Mamet (1958)
Coffea liberica Rubiaceae Liberian coffee Bodkin (1914)
Coffea macrocarpa Rubiaceae Mamet (1958)
Coffea sp. Rubiaceae Dziedzicka and Karnkowski (1990)
Cordyline sp. Asparagaceae Watson (2002)

Cordyline fruticose

(= Cordyline terminalis)

Asparagaceae Common dracaena Laranjeira (1997)
Croton sp. Euphorbiaceae McKenzie (1956)
Cucurbita ficifolia Cucurbitaceae Figleaf gourd, malabar gourd, malabar gourd Herrera Aranguena (1964)
Cucurbita pepo Cucurbitaceae Edible gourd, garden marrow, pumpkin, summer squash Ceballos and Hernández (1986)
Cupania scrobiculata Sapindaceae Peterson et al. (2020)
Cycas circinalis Cycadaceae Cycad fern palm, false sago, fern palm Bartra (1974)
Cycas sp. Cycadaceae Watson (2002)
Decaspermum sp. Myrtaceae

Watson (2002)

Williams and Watson (1988, as cited in Garcia Morales et al., 2016)

Dictyosperma album Arecaceae Hurricane palm, princess palm, Reunion white palm McKenzie (1956)
Dictyosperma sp. Arecaceae Watson (2002)
Diospyros kaki Arecaceae Kaki, kaki plum, persimmon Clavijo (1977)

Dovyalis caffra

(= Aberia caffra)

Salicaceae Kei apple Greathead (1976)
Dovyalis sp. Salicaceae Watson (2002)
Dracaena sp. Asparagaceae Watson (2002)
Dussia Fabaceae Normark et al. (2019)

Dypsis decaryi

(= Neodypsis decaryi)

Arecaceae Triangle palm Mamet (1958)

Dypsis lutescens

(= Chrysalidocarpus lutescens)

Arecaceae Martins et al. (2022)

Dypsis sp.

(= Neodypsis sp.)

Arecaceae Mamet (1958)
Elaeis guineensis Arecaceae African oil palm, oil palm, palm oil tree Mamet (1958)
Elaeis sp. Arecaceae Watson (2002)

Englerophytum magalismontanum

(= Chrysophyllum argyrophyllum)

Sapotaceae Mamet (1958)
Eriobotrya sp. Rosaceae Watson (2002)
Eucalyptus sp. Myrtaceae Watson (2002)
Eugenia jambos Myrtaceae Malabar plum, Malay applerose apple Clavijo (1977)
Eugenia sp. Myrtaceae Lithomyrtus

Watson (2002)

Williams and Watson (1988, as cited in Garcia Morales et al., 2016)

Eugenia uniflora Myrtaceae Pitanga, Surinam cherry Martins et al. (2022)

Ficus benjamina

(= Ficus nitida)

Moraceae Benjamin's fig, Benjamin tree;ficus tree, Java fig;small‐leaved rubber plant, tropical laurel, weeping fig Beingolea (1994)
Ficus carica Moraceae Common fig Dekle (1965)

Ficus lutea

(= Ficus verrucocarpa)

Moraceae Giant‐leaved fig Mamet (1958)
Ficus retusa Moraceae Chinese banyan, glossy‐leaf fig, Malay bayan Dekle (1965)
Ficus sp. Moraceae Dziedzicka and Karnkowski (1990)

Ficus thonningii

(= Ficus hochstetteri)

Moraceae Mamet (1958)
Fortunella sp. Rutaceae

Watson (2002)

Williams and Watson (1988, as cited in Garcia Morales et al., 2016)

Furcraea sp. Asparagaceae Watson (2002)
Garcinia ovalifolia Clusiaceae Mamet (1958)
Garcinia sp. Clusiaceae Watson (2002)
Gardenia jasminoides Rubiaceae Cape jasmine, Cape jessamine, common gardenia, gardenia Clavijo (1977)
Gardenia sp. Rubiaceae McKenzie (1956)
Gliricidia sepium Fabaceae Mexican lilac, Nicaraguan cocoa shade tree, quick stick Williams and Watson (1988, as cited in Garcia Morales et al., 2016)
Gliricidia sp. Fabaceae Watson (2002)
Gossypium sp. Malvaceae de la Hoz González (1983)
Guatteria dumetorum Annonaceae Normark et al. (2019)
Hedera helix Araliaceae Common ivy, English ivy, ivy Mamet (1958)
Hedera sp. Araliaceae Watson (2002)
Hedychium sp. Zingiberaceae Watson (2002)
Hevea brasiliensis Euphorbiaceae Rubber tree, Brazilian rubber tree, para rubber, para rubber tree, Bergmann et al. (1988)
Hevea sp. Euphorbiaceae Beingolea (1994)
Hibiscus syriacus Malvaceae Althaea, blue hibiscus, rose of sharon Williams and Watson (1988, as cited in Garcia Morales et al., 2016)
Hibiscus spp. Malvaceae Mamet (1958)
Homalocladium platycladum Polygonaceae Centipede plant Houser (1918, as cited in Garcia Morales et al., 2016)
Howea sp. Arecaceae Watson (2002)
Hyphaene sp. Arecaceae Watson (2002)
Hyphaene thebaica Arecaceae Egyptian doum palm Mamet (1958)
Ixora sp. Moraceae Watson (2002)
Ixora coccinea Rubiaceae Flame of woods Newstead (1901); Mamet (1958)
Jacaranda acutifolia Bignoniaceae Fernleaf jacaranda, sharpleaf jacaranda Dekle (1965)
Jacquemontia sp. Convolvulaceae Watson (2002)
Jasminum polyanthum Oleaceae EFSA PLH (2022)
Jasminum sp. Oleaceae Mamet (1958)

Labramia bojeriI

(= Mimusops chapelieri)

Sapotaceae Martins et al. (2022)
Lagerstroemia indica Lythraceae Cannonball, carrion tree, crepe myrtle Williams and Watson (1988, as cited in Garcia Morales et al., 2016)
Lagerstroemia sp. Lythraceae Watson (2002)
Laureola indica Armadillidae Merrill and Chaffin (1923, as cited in Garcia Morales et al., 2016)
Laurelia sp. Atherospermataceae Merrill and Chaffin (1923, as cited in Garcia Morales et al., 2016)
Laurus nobilis Lauraceae Apollo laurel, bay laurel, Grecian laurel, Greek laurel Clavijo (1977)
Lawsonia sp. Lythraceae Henna Dekle (1965)
Ligustrum lucidum Oleaceae Broad‐leaf privet, Chinese privet, glossy privet Dekle (1965)
Ligustrum sp. Oleaceae Dziedzicka and Karnkowski (1990)
Litchi chinensis Sapindaceae Litchee Williams and Watson (1988, as cited in Garcia Morales et al., 2016)

Lonchocarpus heptaphyllus

(= Lonchocarpus latifolius)

Fabaceae Peterson et al. (2020)
Lonchocarpus sp. Fabaceae Watson (2002)
Maclura sp. Moraceae Watson (2002)
Magnolia grandiflora Magnoliaceae Bull bay, evergreen magnolia Houser (1918, as cited in Garcia Morales et al., 2016)
Magnolia sp. Magnoliaceae Dziedzicka and Karnkowski (1990)
Malachra spp. Malvaceae Watson (2002)
Malpighia emarginata Malpighiaceae Acerola Martins et al. (2022)
Malpighia glabra Malpighiaceae Barbados cherry Clavijo (1977)
Malpighia urens Malpighiaceae Cow havecherry Gómez‐Menor (1941, as cited in Garcia Morales et al., 2016)
Mammea americana Calophyllaceae Mamey apple, mamey sapote Bartra (1974)
Mammea sp. Clusiaceae Watson (2002)
Mangifera indica Anacardiaceae Mango Bartra (1974)
Mangifera sp. Anacardiaceae Dziedzicka and Karnkowski (1990)
Manihot sp. Euphorbiaceae Watson (2002)
Maquira guianensis Moraceae Peterson et al. (2020)
Mascarenhasia arborescens Apocynaceae Mamet (1958)
Mascarenhasia sp. Apocynaceae Watson (2002)
Matayba sp. Sapindaceae Watson (2002)

Maytenus oleoides

(= Celastrus laurinus)

Celastraceae Celastraceae Marlatt (1908, as cited in Garcia Morales et al., 2016)
Melaleuca sp. Myrtaceae Clavijo (1977)
Melirocca bijuga Sapindaceae Dekle (1965)
Metopium toxiferum Anacardiaceae Florida poisonwood Dekle (1965)
Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia Fabaceae Laranjeira (1997)
Mimusops sp. Sapotaceae Watson (2002)
Mortoniodendron anisophyllum Malvaceae Normark et al. (2019)
Murraya sp. Rutaceae Chalcas Dekle (1965)

Musa paradisiaca

(= Musa sapientum)

Musaceae Banana Gómez‐Menor (1941, as cited in Garcia Morales et al., 2016)
Musa sp. Musaceae

Dekle (1965)

Williams and Watson (1988, as cited in Garcia Morales et al., 2016)

Myrtus communis Myrtaceae Myrtle de Azeredo et al. (2004)
Nectandra purpurea Lauraceae Normark et al. (2014)
Nephelium sp. Sapindaceae

Watson (2002)

Williams and Watson (1988, as cited in Garcia Morales et al., 2016)

Nerium oleander Apocynaceae Oleander Beingolea (1994)
Nerium sp. Apocynaceae Watson (2002)
Olea chrysophylla Oleaceae African olive, wild olive de Azeredo et al. (2004)
Olea europea Oleaceae Olive Beingolea (1994); Mamet (1958)
Olea sp. Oleaceae McKenzie (1956)
Pandanus sp. Pandanaceae Dziedzicka and Karnkowski (1990)
Passiflora edulis Passifloraceae Common passion fruit, granadilla, passion fruit Bartra (1974)
Persea americana Lauraceae Avocado, alligator pear Bartra (1974)
Persea gratissima Lauraceae Beingolea (1994)
Persea sp. Lauraceae McKenzie (2023)
Phaseolus spp. Fabaceae

Watson (2002)

Mamet (1958)

Phoenix dactylifera Arecaceae Common date palm Watson (2002)
Phoenix sp. Arecaceae Palm Dekle (1965)
Phoenix roebelenii Arecaceae Dwarf date palm, miniature date palm Jansen and Alferink (2023)
Pilea sp. Urticaceae Watson (2002)
Pilea urticifolia Urticaceae Mamet (1958)
Pinus spp Pinaceae Pine Dekle (1965)
Piper nigrum Piperaceae Black pepper Bartra (1974)

Plumeria rubra

(= Plumeria acutifolia)

Apocynaceae Frangipani, red frangipani, temple tree Mamet (1958)
Plumeria sp. Apocynaceae Watson (2002)
Poulsenia armata Moraceae Normark et al. (2019)
Prunus sp. Rosaceae Hog plum Dekle (1965)
Psidium guajava Myrtaceae Common guava, guava, yellow guava Marlatt (1908, as cited in Garcia Morales et al., 2016)
Punica granatum Lythraceae Pomegranate Dekle (1965)
Rosa sp. Rosaceae Clavijo (1977); McKenzie (1956)
Saccharum officinarum Poaceae Sugarcane

Watson (2002)

Williams and Watson (1988, as cited in Garcia Morales et al., 2016)

Salvadora persica Salvadoraceae Mustard tree, toothbrush tree Malenotti (1916)
Sambucus sp. Adoxaceae Dziedzicka and Karnkowski (1990)
Schinus molle Anacardiaceae California pepper tree, pepper tree, Peruvian mastic Mamet (1958)
Schinus sp. Anacardiaceae Watson (2002)

Senna alata

(= Cassia alata)

Fabaceae Akapulko, candelabra bush, candlebush Williams and Watson (1988, as cited in Garcia Morales et al., 2016)
Simarouba glauca Simaroubaceae Bitterwood, paradise tree Dekle (1965)
Sloanea meianthera Elaeocarpaceae Normark et al. (2019)
Swietenia macrophylla Meliaceae Broad‐leaved mahogany, Honduras mahogany Beingolea (1994)
Swietenia mahagoni Meliaceae Cuban mahogany, West Indies mahogany de la Hoz González (1983)
Swietenia sp. Meliaceae Watson (2002)
Syzygium jambos Myrtaceae Malabar plum, Malay apple, rose apple, wax jambu Mestre Novoa et al. (2011)
Tabernaemontana arborea Apocynaceae Wild orange jessamine Peterson et al. (2020)
Tabernaemontana divaricata Apocynaceae Butterfly gardenia, Ceylon jessamine, coffee rose Martins et al. (2022)
Tabernaemontana sp. Apocynaceae Merrill and Chaffin (1923, as cited in Garcia Morales et al., 2016)
Tamarindus indica Fabaceae Indian date, Indian tamarind, tamarind Beingolea (1994)
Tamarindus sp. Fabaceae

Watson (2002)

Williams and Watson (1988, as cited in Garcia Morales et al., 2016)

Tambourissa sp. Monimiaceae Watson (2002); Matile‐Ferrero (1978, as cited in Garcia Morales et al., 2016)
Tapirira guianensis Anacardiaceae Normark et al. (2019)
Theobroma cacao Malvaceae Cacao, cacao tree, chocolate tree Martins et al. (2022)
Theobroma sp. Malvaceae Watson (2002)
Thespesia populnea Malvaceae Cork tree, Indian tulip tree, milo, Pacific rosewood Williams and Watson (1988, as cited in Garcia Morales et al., 2016)
Thespesia sp. Malvaceae Watson (2002)
Tilia sp. Tiliaceae Dziedzicka and Karnkowski (1990)
Tocoyena pittieri Rubiaceae Normark et al. (2019)
Trattinnickia aspera Burseraceae Peterson et al. (2020)
Tricalysia sp. Rubiaceae Watson (2002)
Trichilia emetica Meliaceae Ethiopian mahogany Almeida (1971, as cited in Garcia Morales et al., 2016)
Virola multiflora Myristicaceae Normark et al. (2014)
Viscum tuberculatum Santalaceae Silvestri (1914)
Vitis vinifera Vitaceae Grape, grapevine Bartra (1974)
Washingtonia sp. Arecaceae Palm tree Watson (2002)
Xanthosoma sagittifolium Araceae Micky Mouse taro, tannia, yellow ocumo, yellow yautia, arrowleaf elephant ear Watson (2002)
Xylocarpus granatum (= Xylocarpus obovatus) Meliaceae Apple mangrove, cannonball mangrove, cannonball tree, cedar mangrove, monkey puzzle fruit Malenotti (1916)
Ziziphus mauritiana Rhamnaceae Matile‐Ferrero and Étienne (2006)
Wild weed hosts Acalypha sp. Euphorbiaceae Watson (2002)

Acalypha wilkesiana

(= Acalypha tricolor)

Euphorbiaceae Beefsteak plant, copperleaf, fire dragon, Jacob's coat, Joseph's coat Williams and Watson (1988, as cited in Garcia Morales et al., 2016)
Averrhoa bilimbi Oxalidaceae Bilimbi Williams and Watson (1988, as cited in Garcia Morales et al., 2016)
Averrhoa carambola Oxalidaceae Caramba, carambola, Chinese gooseberry, country gooseberry, star fruit Martins et al. (2022)
Averrhoa sp. Oxalidaceae Watson (2002)
Barringtonia sp. Lecythidaceae Watson (2002)
Barringtonia asiatica Lecythidaceae Sea poison tree Williams and Watson (1988, as cited in Garcia Morales et al., 2016)
Bauhinia purpurea Fabaceae Australian orchid tree, bauhinia, bull hoof tree, butterfly tree, camel's foot tree, fall orchid tree, purple orchid tree Mamet (1958)
Bauhinia sp. Fabaceae Camel's foot Almeida (1973, as cited in Garcia Morales et al., 2016)
Bauhinia variegata Fabaceae Buddhist bauhinia, mountain ebony, orchid tree, poor man's orchid, sping orchid tree Williams and Watson (1988, as cited in Garcia Morales et al., 2016)
Calophyllum antillanun Calophyllaceae Martinez et al. (2021)
Calophyllum calaba Calophyllaceae Brazil beauty leaf, calaba oil plant Houser (1918, as cited in Garcia Morales et al., 2016)
Calophyllum inophyllum Calophyllaceae Alexandrian laurel, beach calophyllum, beauty leaf Williams and Watson (1988, as cited in Garcia Morales et al., 2016)
Calophyllum longifolium Calophyllaceae Normark et al. (2014)
Calophyllum sp. Calophyllaceae Watson (2002)
Excoecaria sp. Euphorbiaceae Watson (2002)
Lantana sp. Verbenaceae Watson (2002)
Lantana camara Verbenaceae Lantana Williams and Watson (1988, as cited in Garcia Morales et al., 2016)
Spondias dulcis Anacardiaceae Ambarella, golden apple, great hog plum Williams and Watson (1988, as cited in Garcia Morales et al., 2016)
Spondias purpurea Anacardiaceae Purple mombin, red mombin, Spanish plum tree Merrill and Chaffin (1923, as cited in Garcia Morales et al., 2016)
Spondias sp. Anacardiaceae Watson (2002)