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. 2025 Apr 24;26(9):4045. doi: 10.3390/ijms26094045
AT-III Antithrombin-III
b-FP Biotinylated fondaparinux
BSA Bovine Serum Albumin
CDR Complementarity-determining region
CFU Colony-forming unit
CS Chondroitin sulfate
D2O Deuterium oxide
DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid
DOAJ Directory of open access journals
DS Dermatan sulfate
EDTA Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
ELISA Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay
FDA Food and Drug Administration
FP Fondaparinux
GAG Glycosaminoglycans
GD2 Tumor-associated ganglioside
H2O Water
HP Heparin
HPLC High Performance Liquid Chromatography
HRP Horseradish peroxidase
HS Heparan Sulfate
HV Hypervariable regions
IFT Isothermal Fluorescence Titration
IgG Immunglobulin G
IgNAR Immunoglobulin new antigen receptor
Kd Dissociation Constant
kDa Kilodalton
LB medium Luria Broth medium
LD Linear dichroism
LMWH Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin
M Molar
m/z Mass to Charge Ratio
MDPI Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
MES 2-(N-Morpholino)-ethansulfon-acid
min Minutes
mM Milimolar
MS Mass Spectrometry
NaCl Sodium chloride
NaOH Sodium Hydroxide
NaPi Sodium Phosphate
nM Nanomolar
NMR Nuclear magnetic resonance
OD600 Optical Density at 600 nm
PAGE Oligosaccharide-Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis
PBS Phosphate-buffered saline
PEG Polyethylenglycol
pH Potential of hydrogen
rpm Revolutions per minute
RT Room temperature
sdAbs Single-domain antibodies
SDS-PAGE Sodium dodecyl-sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
SEC Size Exclusion Chromatography
SN Supernatant
SPR Surface plasmon resonance
TLA Three letter acronym
Tris-HCl Trizma Hydrochlorid -hydrochlorid
Trp Tryptophan
VHHs Heavy-chain variable domains
VHs Heavy chains
VNARs Variable domain of new antigen receptor
µg/mL Microgram per milliliter