Figure 6.

Respiration (red traces) and membrane potential (black traces) of synaptic mitochondria isolated from cortices of 4-month-old APP-SAA KI (AD) and age-matched B6J hAbeta (Control, Ctrl) mice. (S)-LCM improved responses to ADP and 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) in AD mitochondria. Mitochondria were isolated from 4-month-old AD and Ctrl mice of both sexes. AD mice were treated with either a vehicle (Veh, 10 µL of DMSO in 0.2 mL saline) or 10 mg (S)-LCM/kg body weight delivered by oral gavage for 7 days before analysis. In (A–C), representative measurements of mitochondrial respiration and membrane potential. Mitochondria were incubated at 37 °C in KCl-based medium with 1 mM malate plus 3 mM pyruvate [58,81]. Respiration was measured with a Clark-type oxygen electrode, and mitochondrial membrane potential was followed with a tetraphenylphosphonium (TPP⁺)-sensitive electrode [58,81,82]. In (D), statistical summary. V₂, respiration rate before ADP addition; V₃, respiration stimulated by 300 μM ADP; V₄, respiration after ADP depletion; V_DNP, respiration with 60 μM of 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP). Data are mean ± SD, N = 5 experiments, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001.