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. 2025 Apr 28;26(9):4188. doi: 10.3390/ijms26094188
GSH Glutathione
T-AOC Total antoxidant capacity
SOD Superoxide dismutase
CAT Catalase
MDA Malondialdehyde
NAFLD Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
ROS Reactive oxygen species
AGEs Advanced glycation end-products
Nrf2 Nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2
iNOS Inducible nitric oxide synthase
ALP Alkaline phosphatase
ALT Alanine transaminase
AST Aspartate aminotransferase
COX-2 Cyclooxygenase-2
TNF-α Tumor necrosis factor-α
NF-κB Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
IL Interleukin
STAT Signal transducer and activator of transcription
MMP Matrix metalloproteinase
Cmax Maximum concentration
IBD Inflammatory bowel diseases
5-FU 5-Fluorouracil
CCl4 Carbon tetrachloride
LPS Lipopolysaccharide
BALF Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid
STZ Streptozotocin
HFD High-fat diet
MAPK Mitogen-activated protein kinase
TLR Toll-like receptor
OA Osteoarthritis
BUN Blood Urea Nitrogen
VEGF Vascular endothelil growth factor
PTZ Pentylenetetrazole
PCO Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
HIF-1α Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α
IOP Intraocular pressure
MPO Myeloperoxidase
POAG Primary open-angle glaucoma
MIC Minimum inhibitory concentration
AuNP Gold nanoparticle
AgNP Silver nanoparticle
SLN Solid nanoparticle
CDAHFD Choline-deficient, L-amino acid-defined, high-fat diet
HSC Hepatic stellate cells
NASH Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
TREM-1 Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1
Pi3k/Akt/mTOR Phosphoinositide 3 kinase/Akt/mTOR
CDK Cyclin-dependent kinase
Fe-NTA Ferric iron nitrilotriacetate
GSH-Px Glutathione peroxidase
TBARS Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance
PGN Peptidoglycan
mTOR Mammalian target of rapamycin