| AMPK | 5′-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase |
| DMSO | Dimethyl sulfoxide |
| KEAP | Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 |
| MTT | 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide |
| NRF2/NFE2L2 | Nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 2 |
| PAGE | Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis |
| PGAM5 | Phosphoglycerate mutase 5 |
| ROS | Reactive oxygen species |
| SDS | Sodium dodecyl sulfate |