Acetyl-CoA	acetyl coenzyme A
AGEs	advanced glycation end-products
AHF	acute heart failure
AIDS	acquired immune deficiency syndrome
ALA	α-lipoic acid
α-KGDH	alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase
ATP	adenosine triphosphate
BCAAs	branched-chain amino acids
BCKD	branched-chain α-ketoacid dehydrogenase
BNP	type B natriuretic peptide
CHD	coronary heart disease
CV	cardiovascular
CVD	cardiovascular disease
DBP	diastolic blood pressure
DKD	diabetic kidney disease
DM	diabetes mellitus
DNA	deoxyribonucleic acid
ECG	electrocardiogram
EF	ejection fraction
HbA1c	hemoglobin A1c
HF	heart failure
hs-CRP	high-sensitivity C-reactive protein
ICAM	intercellular adhesion molecule
LVEF	left ventricular ejection fraction
MI	myocardial infarction
NADPH	nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate hydrogen
PDH	pyruvate dehydrogenase
PICO	Population Intervention Comparison Outcome
PKC	protein kinase C
PRISMA	Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses
RF	renal failure
ROS	oxygen reactive species
SBP	systolic blood pressure
SLC19A2	solute carrier family 19 member 2
T2DM	type 2 diabetes mellitus
TKT	transketolase
TMP	thiamine monophosphate
TPP	thiamine pyrophosphate
TRMA	thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anemia
TTP	thiamine triphosphate
VAS	visual analog scale