| SCFAs | Short-chain fatty acids |
| GLP-1 | Glucagon-like peptide-1 |
| PYY | Peptide YY |
| PPARδ | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta |
| AMPK | AMP-activated protein kinase |
| GLUT4 | Glucose transporter type 4 |
| T2DM | Type 2 diabetes mellitus |
| TGF-β | Transforming growth factor beta |
| NF-κB | Nuclear factor kappa B |
| MHC | Myosin heavy chain |
| Mef2a | Myocyte enhancer factor 2A |
| ACECS2 | Acetyl-CoA synthase 2 |
| HOMA2-IR | Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance |
| SAMP8 | Senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 |
| C2C12 | Mouse myoblast cell line |
| PCOS | Polycystic ovary syndrome |
| IL-8 | Interleukin 8 |
| Tregs | Regulatory T cells |
| RANTES | Regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted |
| LPS | Lipopolysaccharide |
| HDAC | Histone deacetylase |
| NLRP3 | NOD-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3 |
| SCFAs | Short-chain fatty acids |