Full PubMed Search Strategy Organized by PICOS Framework

P—Population

(“Persons”[Mesh] OR “Humans”[Mesh] OR human*[tw] OR people*[tw] OR patient*[tw] OR out-patient*[tw] OR child*[tw] OR adult*[tw] OR aged[tw] OR elderl*[tw] OR age group*[tw] OR individual*[tw] OR adolescent*[tw] OR men[tw] OR women[tw] OR boy[tw] OR boys[tw] OR girl*[tw] OR super-ager*[tw] OR “Aged, 80 and over”[Mesh] OR “Centenarians”[Mesh] OR “Nonagenarians”[Mesh] OR “Octogenarians”[Mesh] OR octogenarian*[tw] OR nonagenarian*[tw] OR semisupercentenarian*[tw] OR semi-supercentenarian*[tw] OR supercentenarian*[tw] OR super-centenarian*[tw] OR oldest old[tw])

I—Intervention/Exposure (Diet)

(“Diet, Healthy”[Mesh] OR healthy diet*[tw] OR healthy eating[tw] OR eating health[tw] OR healthy nutrition[tw] OR prudent diet*[tw] OR “Diet Therapy”[Mesh] OR diet therap*[tw] OR dietary modification*[tw] OR restrictive diet[tw] OR restriction diet therapy[tw] OR restrictive diet therapy[tw] OR dietary restriction*[tw] OR “Dietary Approaches To Stop Hypertension”[Mesh] OR hypertension diet*[tw] OR DASH diet*[tw] OR mediterranean[tw] OR MIND[tw] OR nordic[tw])

C—Comparator (Implicit/General Health Comparisons)

Comparator terms were not explicitly defined in this search due to variability in dietary exposures and health outcomes across studies. Studies with various comparator groups (e.g., low vs. high adherence, different diet types) were included.

O—Outcomes (Brain, Mental, Cognitive, Social Health)

(brain health[tw] OR brain wellbeing[tw] OR brain well-being[tw] OR healthy brain[tw] OR “Healthy Aging”[Mesh] OR healthy aging[tw] OR healthy ageing[tw] OR aging well[tw] OR ageing well[tw] OR well aging[tw] OR well ageing[tw] OR cognitive health[tw] OR healthy cognition[tw] OR mindfulness[tw] OR relaxation[tw] OR peace-of-mind[tw] OR mental health[tw] OR social health[tw] OR mental wellbeing[tw] OR social wellbeing[tw] OR emotional wellbeing[tw] OR mental well-being[tw] OR social well-being[tw] OR emotional well-being[tw] OR mental abuse[tw] OR functional disorder*[tw] OR physical abuse[tw])

OR

(“Dementia”[Mesh] OR dementia*[tw] OR amentia*[tw] OR Alzheimer syndrome[tw] OR Alzheimer-Type Dementia[tw] OR Alzheimer’s disease*[tw] OR Alzheimers disease*[tw] OR Alzheimer dementia*[tw] OR senile dementia[tw] OR senile degenerative dementia[tw] OR Alzheimer sclerosis[tw] OR presenile dementia[tw] OR binswanger disease[tw] OR progressive subcortical encephalopathy[tw] OR binswanger encephalopathy[tw] OR leukoaraiosis[tw] OR subcortical leukoencephalopathy*[tw] OR leukoencephalopathies*[tw] OR binswanger’s encephalopathy[tw] OR binswanger’s disease[tw] OR subcortical vascular dementia[tw] OR progressive aphasia*[tw] OR mesulam’s syndrome[tw] OR “Cognitive Dysfunction”[Majr] OR cognitive dysfunction*[tw] OR cognitive disorder*[tw] OR cognitive impairment*[tw] OR cognitive decline*[tw] OR mental deterioration*[tw])

AND

(“Stroke”[Mesh] OR stroke*[tw] OR cerebrovascular accident*[tw] OR cerebrovascular event*[tw] OR brain attack*[tw] OR cerebrovascular apoplexy[tw] OR brain vascular accident*[tw] OR “CVA”[tw] OR “CVAs”[tw] OR brain infarct*[tw] OR brain venous infarction*[tw] OR venous brain infarction*[tw] OR cerebral circulation infarct*[tw] OR brain circulation infarct*[tw] OR cerebral infarct*[tw] OR choroidal artery infarct*[tw] OR subcortical infarct*[tw] OR multi-infarct dementia*[tw] OR multiinfarct dementia*[tw] OR dementia multi-infarct*[tw] OR lacunar dementia*[tw] OR subarachnoid hemorrhagic[tw] OR brain failure*[tw] OR “Myocardial Ischemia”[Mesh] OR ischemic heart disease*[tw] OR ischaemic heart disease*[tw] OR myocardial ischemia*[tw] OR myocardial ischaemia*[tw] OR coronary heart disease*[tw] OR coronary thrombosis[tw] OR coronary artery disease*[tw] OR coronary atheroscleros*[tw] OR coronary disease*[tw] OR myocardial infarct*[tw] OR heart attack*[tw] OR cardiovascular stroke*[tw] OR “Heart Failure”[Mesh] OR myocardial failure[tw] OR cardiac failure[tw] OR heart decompensation[tw] OR heart failure[tw] OR “Atrial Fibrillation”[Mesh] OR atrial fibrillation*[tw] OR auricular fibrillation*[tw])

S—Study Design

(“Follow-Up Studies”[Mesh] OR follow up stud*[tw] OR followup stud*[tw] OR “Longitudinal Studies”[Mesh] OR longitudinal stud*[tw] OR “Cross-Sectional Studies”[Mesh] OR Cross Sectional Studi*[tw] OR birth cohort*[tw] OR Framingham Heart Stud*[tw] OR Jackson Heart Stud*[tw] OR California Teachers Stud*[tw] OR Bogalusa Heart Stud*[tw] OR Longitudinal Survey*[tw] OR add health study[tw] OR “Prospective Studies”[Mesh] OR “Randomized Controlled Trial”[Publication Type] OR randomized controlled trial*[tw] OR randomised controlled trial*[tw] OR RCT[tw] OR RCTs[tw] OR “Community Health Planning”[mh] OR population based[tw] OR community based[tw] OR community health[tw] OR community dwelling*[tw] OR “Home Care Services, Hospital-Based”[mh] OR hospital based[tw] OR hospital-based[tw] OR clinic based[tw] OR clinic-based[tw]

OR

(meta-analysis[pt] OR meta-analy*[tw] OR metaanaly*[tw] OR meta-synthesis[tw] OR metasynthesis[tw] OR meta-study[tw] OR metastudy[tw] OR metaethnograph*[tw] OR meta-ethnograph*[tw] OR sensitivity analys*[tw] OR systematic review[pt] OR systematic review[tw] OR systematic literature[tw] OR integrative review[tw] OR integrative literature[tw] OR evidence-based review[tw] OR evidence-based overview[tw] OR evidence-based literature[tw] OR evidence-based survey[tw] OR literature search[tw])

OR

((systemat*[ti] OR evidence-based[ti]) AND (review*[ti] OR literature[ti] OR overview[ti] OR survey[ti]))

OR

data synthesis[tw] OR evidence synthesis[tw] OR data extraction[tw] OR data source[tw] OR data sources[tw] OR study selection[tw] OR methodological quality[tw] OR methodologic quality[tw] OR cochrane database syst rev[ta] OR umbrella review[pt] OR “Comparative Effectiveness Research”[mh]

OR

(“Life Change Events”[Mesh] OR life change event*[tw] OR life crisis[tw] OR life course*[tw] OR life experience*[tw]))