Table 3.

Themes for Motivations Behind the Implementation of Refugee Mental Health Interventions.

Theme	Definition	Supporting Studies
Community Needs	Addressing specific vulnerabilities and distress	Lasater et al. (2020): Baby Friendly Spaces programme to support pregnant and lactating women. Meinhart et al. (2023): Highlighted pervasive well-being and mental health needs among refugees in Uganda. Logie et al. (2023): Association between water insecurity and depression among refugee youth in Uganda.
Risk and Protective Factors	Mitigating risks and promoting resilience	Ingabire and Richters (2020): Focused on addressing suicidal behaviour in refugee camps. Kaiser et al. (2020): Resilience-promoting factors among conflict-affected communities. Swan and Im (2021): Informal support systems and cultural assets as protective factors.
Adaptability and Scalability	Addressing the capacity of interventions to be adjusted to different cultural, social, and resource-constrained settings while maintaining their effectiveness. Scalability refers to the ability of these interventions to expand and reach larger populations without significant loss of quality or fidelity.	Burchert (2024): WHO's Step-by-Step intervention adapted for various refugee populations. Lambert et al. (2024): Emphasized understanding cultural and gendered differences in mental health challenges.
Holistic Approaches to Mental Health	Addressing the multifaceted nature of mental health challenges by integrating physical health, social well-being, and cultural practices alongside psychological interventions.	Lasater et al. (2020): Integrated child health interventions. Stark et al. (2024): Highlighted caregivers’ roles in mediating impacts of forced displacement on children.
Focus on Evidence-Based Practices	Reliance on interventions grounded in scientific research and validated by rigorous studies to ensure efficacy and reliability in diverse refugee contexts.	Stark et al. (2024): Noted the lack of evidence-based programming and the need for more research Augustinavicius et al. (2023): Secondary analysis of SH + intervention outcomes.