Table 4.
Binary logistic regression analysis of association between mid-pregnancy plasma glucose levels and different types of adverse pregnancy outcomes.
| Variable | PTB | LBW | Macrosomia | SGA | LGA | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adjusted | OR (95%CI) | P | OR (95%CI) | P | OR (95%CI) | P | OR (95%CI) | P | OR (95%CI) | P |
| GDM | <0.001 | 0.002 | <0.001 | 0.38 | <0.001 | |||||
| No | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | |||||
| Yes | 1.26 (1.15-1.38) | 1.18 (1.06-1.32) | 1.25 (1.12-1.39) | 1.04 (0.95-1.14) | 1.23 (1.15-1.31) | |||||
| OGTT 0 h | 0.09 | 0.33 | <0.001 | 0.64 | <0.001 | |||||
| <5.1 mmol/L | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | |||||
| ≥5.1 mmol/L | 1.11 (0.98-1.26) | 1.07 (0.93-1.24) | 1.29 (1.13-1.48) | 0.97 (0.86-1.10) | 1.32 (1.22-1.43) | |||||
| OGTT 1 h | <0.001 | 0.001 | <0.001 | 0.18 | <0.001 | |||||
| <10 mmol/L | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | |||||
| ≥10 mmol/L | 1.37 (1.22-1.54) | 1.25 (1.09-1.43) | 1.41 (1.23-1.61) | 1.09 (0.96-1.22) | 1.28 (1.18-1.39) | |||||
| OGTT 2 h | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.005 | 0.021 | <0.001 | |||||
| <8.5 mmol/L | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | |||||
| ≥8.5 mmol/L | 1.38 (1.22-1.55) | 1.32 (1.14-1.51) | 1.23 (1.06-1.43) | 1.16 (1.02-1.31) | 1.21 (1.11-1.31) | |||||
| OGTT groups | ||||||||||
| Group 1 | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | |||||
| Group 2 | 1.11 (0.96-1.28) | 0.16 | 1.08 (0.91-1.27) | 0.39 | 1.13 (0.95-1.34) | 0.15 | 0.98 (0.85-1.12) | 0.75 | 1.24 (1.12-1.36) | <0.001 |
| Group 3 | 1.35 (1.20-1.51) | <0.001 | 1.25 (1.09-1.42) | 0.001 | 1.18 (1.03-1.36) | 0.018 | 1.09 (0.97-1.22) | 0.13 | 1.13 (1.04-1.22) | 0.004 |
| Group 4 | 1.34 (1.08-1.64) | 0.007 | 1.21 (0.94-1.55) | 0.13 | 1.85 (1.49-2.28) | <0.001 | 1.00 (0.79-1.25) | 0.97 | 1.64 (1.43-1.87) | <0.001 |
| P for trend | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.28 | <0.001 | |||||
GDM, gestational diabetes mellitus; OGTT, oral glucose tolerance test; PTB, preterm birth; LBW, low birth weight; SGA, small for gestational age; LGA, large for gestational age. Group 1 represents normal plasma glucose at 0h, 1h and 2h; Group 2 represents abnormal plasma glucose at 0h, but normal plasma glucose at 1h and 2h; Group 3 represents normal plasma glucose at 0h, but abnormal plasma glucose at 1h or 2h; Group 4 represents abnormal plasma glucose at 0h, 1h or 2h. Adjusted for maternal age, gravidity, parity, assisted reproduction, gestational hypertension, gestational thyroid disorders, delivery mode and infant sex. Bold represents P values less than 0.05.