Table 3.

Multiple logistic regression for cumulative dose of glucocorticoids used in relation to mild, moderate, or severe cervical spine deformity at 10 years follow-up

Variable and sample size	Multivariable odds ratio (95% confidence interval)	P-value
Model 1 for cases of mild, moderate, or severe (AAS > 2 mm and/or SAS > 2 mm) (n1 = 272)
Cumulative dose of glucocorticoids (grams)†	1.06 (1.01, 1.12)	0.02
Cumulative dose of glucocorticoids (grams) + average DAS score‡	1.06 (1.00, 1.11)	0.04
Model 2 for cases of moderate or severe (AAS ≥ 3 mm in flexion) (n2 = 109)
Cumulative dose of glucocorticoids (grams)†	1.05 (0.93, 1.18)	0.46
Cumulative dose of glucocorticoids (grams) + average DAS score‡	1.05 (0.92, 1.19)	0.48
Model 3 for severe (AAS ≥ 5 mm in flexion or neutral) (n3 = 107)
Cumulative dose of glucocorticoids (grams)†	1.22 (1.05, 1.43)	0.01
Cumulative dose of glucocorticoids (grams) + average DAS score‡	1.21 (1.03, 1.42)	0.02

^†All three models for the three different outcomes of cervical spine deformity (AAS or SAS > 2 mm; AAS ≥ 3 mm; AAS ≥ 5 mm) were adjusted for age at baseline, sex (male or female), anti-CCP positivity, rheumatoid factor positivity, and baseline DAS score

^‡Adjusted for the previous multivariable model plus mean DAS during the 10-year follow-up

^*Abbreviations: DAS, Disease Activity Score; AAS, atlantoaxial subluxation; SAS, subaxial subluxation