Table 2.

Pathological complete response

	Nivo + chemo	Chemo
outcomes	(n = 60)	(n = 30)	p
pCR	9	4	0.832
pCR rate, % (95% CI) a	15 (7.1–26.57)	13.33 (3.76–30.72)
Rate-diff, % (95% CI) b	1.67 (-16.08–15.37)
RR (95% CI)	1.13 (0.38–3.36)
ypT0	11	6	0.849
ypT0 rate, % (95%CI) a	18.33 (9.52–30.44)	20.00 (7.71–38.57)
MPR	20	10	1
MPR rate, % (95%CI) a	33.33 (21.69–46.69)	33.3 (17.29–52.81)

Abv: pCR, pathological complete response; CI, confidence interval; RR, relative risk; MPR, major pathological response

a. Clopper-Pearson method

b. Newcombe-Wilson method