. 2024 Nov 2;37(4):977–991. doi: 10.1111/jerd.13321

TABLE 3.

Pooled estimates of the risk ratio (RR) obtained from the comparison of repair (reference) with replacement in the scenarios regarding dental amalgam.

	Scenario 1	Scenario 2	Scenario 3	Scenario 4	Scenario 5	Scenario 6	Scenario 7	Scenario 8
Africa
Egypt	5.48 [3.79, 7.91]	6.84 [4.45, 10.52]	10.36 [6.25, 17.15]	5.22 [3.31, 8.24]	5.83 [3.96, 8.57]	1.86 [1.32, 2.62]	9.00 [5.63, 14.39]	1.62 [1.25, 2.09]
Libya	4.40 [3.14, 6.16]	5.91 [4.01, 8.72]	12.83 [7.41, 22.21]	11.00 [5.96, 20.29]	7.25 [4.77, 11.01]	1.41 [1.04, 1.90]	27.17 [12.36, 59.69]	1.52 [1.19, 1.95]
Subtotal [95% CI]	4.86 [3.79, 6.23]	6.31 [4.73, 8.42]	11.43 [7.88, 16.56]	7.37 [3.51, 15.46]	6.44 [4.85, 8.56]	1.60 [1.22, 2.10]	14.98 [4.84, 46.32]	1.57 [1.31, 1.87]
Heterogeneity	I ² = 0%	I ² = 0%	I ² = 0%	I ² = 74%	I ² = 0%	I ² = 31%	I ² = 84%	I ² = 0%
Test for overall effect	p < 0.001	p < 0.001	p < 0.001	p < 0.001	p < 0.001	p < 0.001	p < 0.001	p < 0.001
Asia
Bangladesh	6.00 [4.12, 8.74]	0.94 [0.60, 1.46]	4.09 [2.98, 5.61]	4.43 [2.01, 9.78]	2.17 [1.70, 2.78]	0.74 [0.50, 1.12]	15.40 [8.42, 28.15]	0.35 [0.23, 0.52]
India	8.78 [5.64, 13.66]	6.23 [4.17, 9.30]	8.26 [5.38, 12.70]	5.41 [3.60, 8.12]	5.72 [3.94, 8.30]	2.56 [1.88, 3.49]	11.43 [6.89, 18.96]	2.22 [1.71, 2.89]
Indonesia	6.95 [4.63, 10.44]	7.56 [4.84, 11.79]	7.79 [5.07, 11.97]	9.14 [5.49, 15.24]	6.90 [4.60, 10.37]	4.00 [2.84, 5.63]	40.50 [15.36, 106.81]	2.55 [1.91, 3.40]
Jordan	4.08 [3.03, 5.50]	6.55 [4.38, 9.78]	7.17 [4.87, 10.57]	11.44 [5.97, 21.94]	6.04 [4.20, 8.68]	1.22 [0.83, 1.79]	61.33 [19.95, 188.53]	1.49 [1.16, 1.92]
Kazakhstan	9.00 [5.62, 14.41]	8.69 [5.42, 13.93]	7.42 [4.83, 11.40]	6.90 [4.54, 10.48]	7.20 [4.75, 10.92]	10.21 [6.16, 16.95]	6.71 [4.47, 10.08]	4.41 [2.72, 7.14]
Malaysia	1.16 [0.94, 1.44]	2.06 [1.59, 2.66]	2.29 [1.79, 2.93]	1.47 [1.13, 1.90]	1.93 [1.52, 2.45]	1.40 [1.08, 1.83]	2.00 [1.58, 2.54]	1.08 [0.86, 1.36]
Pakistan	2.74 [2.11, 3.56]	9.06 [5.74, 14.29]	7.38 [4.92, 11.07]	3.34 [2.34, 4.79]	2.93 [2.23, 3.85]	1.21 [0.83, 1.75]	86.50 [21.80, 343.25]	1.92 [1.48, 2.50]
Palestine	3.88 [2.85, 5.30]	5.38 [3.68, 7.86]	7.53 [4.90, 11.55]	8.82 [4.91, 15.84]	8.59 [5.45, 13.53]	1.59 [1.12, 2.27]	15.40 [8.43, 28.15]	1.84 [1.40, 2.41]
Saudi Arabia	5.72 [3.96, 8.27]	5.05 [3.33, 7.66]	8.53 [5.41, 13.45]	6.25 [3.85, 10.13]	9.00 [5.72, 14.17]	0.74 [0.51, 1.07]	27.33 [12.45, 60.02]	0.74 [0.56, 0.99]
Singapore	3.29 [2.46, 4.40]	8.90 [4.80, 16.50]	13.91 [7.85, 24.66]	50.00 [6.99, 357.70]	10.45 [5.86, 18.67]	1.83 [0.69, 4.84]	331.00 [20.79, 5269.87]	2.42 [1.28, 4.57]
Yemen	4.29 [3.09, 5.96]	3.22 [2.30, 4.50]	5.30 [3.72, 7.54]	3.91 [2.61, 5.87]	5.22 [3.67, 7.44]	1.02 [0.75, 1.38]	8.94 [5.68, 14.09]	1.13 [0.89, 1.44]
Subtotal [95% CI]	4.38 [2.91, 6.61]	4.81 [3.14, 7.37]	6.51 [4.64, 9.13]	5.71 [3.51, 9.28]	5.16 [3.50, 7.61]	1.69 [1.12, 2.55]	18.59 [7.66, 45.10]	1.50 [1.08, 2.08]
Heterogeneity	I ² = 94%	I ² = 92%	I ² = 88%	I ² = 91%	I ² = 93%	I ² = 93%	I ² = 92%	I ² = 93%
Test for overall effect	p < 0.001	p < 0.001	p < 0.001	p < 0.001	p < 0.001	p = 0.01	p < 0.001	p = 0.02
Europe
Croatia	3.27 [2.52, 4.24]	4.29 [3.15, 5.82]	12.67 [7.77, 20.65]	6.84 [4.48, 10.46]	4.94 [3.61, 6.76]	1.68 [1.29, 2.19]	206.00 [29.16, 1455.53]	1.53 [1.23, 1.89]
Greece	6.52 [4.44, 9.58]	6.35 [4.32, 9.32]	14.73 [8.30, 26.12]	14.00 [6.45, 30.39]	8.28 [5.33, 12.85]	1.02 [0.76, 1.38]	173.00 [24.51, 1221.27]	1.53 [1.18, 1.99]
Poland	3.08 [2.30, 4.12]	5.09 [3.45, 7.51]	6.13 [4.18, 9.00]	6.44 [3.48, 11.92]	8.13 [5.03, 13.16]	3.08 [1.84, 5.17]	54.67 [17.81, 167.81]	8.77 [5.22, 14.73]
Portugal	1.01 [0.82, 1.24]	1.77 [1.41, 2.21]	5.21 [3.71, 7.31]	4.05 [2.73, 6.01]	2.02 [1.60, 2.55]	1.00 [0.72, 1.39]	60.00 [19.53, 184.34]	1.41 [1.08, 1.85]
Spain	3.16 [2.36, 4.22]	3.50 [2.57, 4.76]	4.41 [3.15, 6.18]	5.27 [3.28, 8.45]	4.31 [3.08, 6.04]	1.40 [1.00, 1.96]	10.57 [6.39, 17.48]	2.63 [1.90, 3.65]
Turkey	1.62 [1.30, 2.03]	2.50 [1.92, 3.25]	3.75 [2.78, 5.06]	12.25 [6.28, 23.90]	4.69 [3.35, 6.57]	0.70 [0.50, 0.98]	28.00 [12.75, 61.49]	1.21 [0.95, 1.54]
Subtotal [95% CI]	2.61 [1.54, 4.42]	3.53 [2.36, 5.30]	6.53 [4.35, 9.81]	6.88 [4.77, 9.92]	4.79 [2.98, 7.69]	1.28 [0.91, 1.81]	47.19 [16.50, 134.95]	2.03 [1.35, 3.04]
Heterogeneity	I ² = 96%	I ² = 91%	I ² = 85%	I ² = 65%	I ² = 91%	I ² = 85%	I ² = 84%	I ² = 93%
Test for overall effect	p < 0.001	p < 0.001	p < 0.001	p < 0.001	p < 0.001	p = 0.16	p < 0.001	p < 0.001
South America
Colombia	7.21 [4.69, 11.08]	11.50 [6.64, 19.92]	7.89 [5.08, 12.26]	3.68 [2.33, 5.83]	5.36 [3.71, 7.75]	1.31 [0.82, 2.08]	52.33 [17.04, 160.72]	1.18 [0.87, 1.61]
Ecuador	5.50 [3.75, 8.07]	5.20 [3.57, 7.57]	7.37 [4.78, 11.36]	5.90 [3.90, 8.94]	4.96 [3.47, 7.10]	3.38 [2.41, 4.73]	13.45 [7.56, 23.96]	3.83 [2.71, 5.41]
Subtotal [95% CI]	6.20 [4.66, 8.25]	7.54 [3.41, 16.67]	7.62 [5.59, 10.38]	4.71 [2.97, 7.49]	5.15 [3.98, 6.66]	2.13 [0.84, 5.39]	24.53 [6.02, 99.91]	2.12 [0.66, 6.82]
Heterogeneity	I ² = 0%	I ² = 82%	I ² = 0%	I ² = 55%	I ² = 0%	I ² = 91%	I ² = 80%	I ² = 96%
Test for overall effect	p < 0.001	p < 0.001	p < 0.001	p < 0.001	p < 0.001	p = 0.11	p < 0.001	p = 0.21
Total [95% CI]	3.94 [2.93, 5.31]	4.70 [3.59, 6.16]	6.94 [5.53, 8.71]	6.04 [4.51, 8.08]	5.14 [4.02, 6.57]	1.59 [1.24, 2.03]	24.22 [13.05, 44.95]	1.70 [1.37, 2.10]
Heterogeneity	I ² = 95%	I ² = 91%	I ² = 85%	I ² = 87%	I ² = 90%	I ² = 90%	I ² = 95%	I ² = 91%
Test for overall effect	p < 0.001	p < 0.001	p < 0.001	p < 0.001	p < 0.001	p < 0.001	p < 0.001	p < 0.001
Test for subgroup differences	p = 0.04	p = 0.10	p = 0.12	p = 0.59	p = 0.60	p = 0.62	p = 0.46	p = 0.63

Note: A p‐value of < 0.05 was considered significant.