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. 2025 May 15;15:16981. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-00312-y

Table 3.

Metabolic pathway analysis.

S. no. Pathways P value Holm p FDR Impact
1 Phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis 0.074 1 0.215 1
2 Phenylalanine metabolism 0.074 1 0.215 0.35
3 Biotin metabolism 0.205 1 0.444 0.2
4 Cysteine and methionine metabolism 0.219 1 0.443 0.15
5 Tyrosine metabolism 0.118 1 0.285 0.13
6 Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism 0.356 1 0.509 0.13
7 Pentose and glucuronate interconversions 0.002 0.07 0.019 0.10
8 Vitamin B6 metabolism 0.027 0.66 0.133 0.07
9 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle) 0.869 1 0.933 0.05
10 Porphyrin metabolism 0.975 1 0.975 0.05

Pathway analysis was performed using MetaboAnalyst 6.0. to identify pathways that were significantly altered after HA exposure. Here, p value: The original p value calculated from pathway analysis; Holm p: p values adjusted by the Holm–Bonferroni method; FDR, false discovery rate; Impact, represents a combination of the centrality and pathway enrichment result.