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. 2025 May 15;26:186. doi: 10.1186/s12931-025-03248-z

Table 2.

Association between ARBs use and risk of lung cancer

Models Binary ARBs exposure Cumulative Years of Use
HR (95% CI) P value HR (95% CI) P value
Model1 1.06(0.87,1.29) 0.5713 0.95(0.92,0.98) 0.0046
Model2 1.03(0.84,1.25) 0.7742 0.95(0.92,0.98) 0.0039
Model3 1.00(0.82,1.23) 0.9777 0.94(0.91,0.98) 0.0012
Model4 0.95(0.77,1.16) 0.5907 0.93(0.90,0.97) 0.0002

Model 1 estimated crude HR; model 2 was adjusted for age and gender; model 3 was further adjusted for incorporates comorbidities; model 4 was further adjusted for education levels, smoking status, drinking status, COPD exacerbation status, the number of hospital admissions, and comedications