Table 1. Clinical characteristics of ACS patients stratified by quintiles of deprivation.
Values are mean ± SD.
| Variable | Quintile 1 (Q1) | Quintile 2 (Q2) | Quintile 3 (Q3) | Quintile 4 (Q4) | Quintile 5 (Q5) | P-value (trend) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total number of patients | 78,670 (18.0%) | 87,405 (20.0%) | 87,405 (20.0%) | 86,069 (19.7%) | 97,475 (22.3%) | <0.001 |
| STEMI | 16,028 (20.4%) | 18,506 (21.2%) | 18,889 (21.6%) | 18,879 (21.9%) | 22,095 (22.7%) | <0.001 |
| Stable Angina | 31,465 (40.0%) | 34,962 (40.0%) | 34,962 (40.0%) | 34,276 (39.8%) | 39,144 (40.2%) | <0.001 |
| NSTEMI | 31,177 (39.6%) | 33,937 (38.8%) | 33,554 (38.4%) | 32,914 (38.2%) | 36,236 (37.2%) | <0.001 |
| Age (years) | 64.3 ± 11.2 | 63.1 ± 11.6 | 62.4 ± 10.9 | 61.8 ± 10.7 | 60.5 ± 10.4 | <0.001 |
| Sex (male) | 55,820 (71.0%) | 65,650 (75.1%) | 65,230 (74.6%) | 65,684 (76.3%) | 73,883 (75.8%) | 0.067 |
| Previous MI | 40,876 (52.0%) | 47,403 (54.2%) | 48,373 (55.3%) | 47,053 (54.7%) | 55,283 (56.7%) | 0.041 |
| Previous CABG | 8,815 (11.2%) | 9,715 (11.1%) | 9,115 (10.4%) | 9,613 (11.2%) | 9,215 (9.5%) | 0.032 |
| Previous PCI | 42,103 (53.5%) | 50,821 (58.1%) | 50,321 (57.6%) | 50,921 (59.2%) | 63,258 (64.9%) | 0.043 |
| Previous Stroke | 8,172 (10.4%) | 9,715 (11.1%) | 9,315 (10.7%) | 9,715 (11.3%) | 10,952 (11.2%) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes (oral medicine/dietary control) | 21,935 (27.9%) | 24,754 (28.3%) | 24,354 (27.9%) | 24,854 (28.9%) | 28,722 (29.5%) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes (insulin) | 6,844 (8.7%) | 7,666 (8.8%) | 7,366 (8.4%) | 7,666 (8.9%) | 9,162 (9.4%) | <0.001 |
| Chronic renal failure: dialysis | 2,428 (3.1%) | 2,622 (3.0%) | 2,222 (2.5%) | 2,822 (3.3%) | 5,166 (5.3%) | <0.001 |
| End stage renal disease | 3,715 (4.7%) | 4,370 (5.0%) | 4,270 (4.9%) | 4,570 (5.3%) | 6,336 (6.5%) | <0.001 |
| Known Hypercholesterolaemia | 49,128 (62.4%) | 52,243 (59.8%) | 52,443 (60.0%) | 52,143 (60.6%) | 52,643 (54.0%) | 0.335 |
| Known Hypertension | 54,125 (68.8%) | 61,183 (70.0%) | 61,183 (70.0%) | 61,683 (71.7%) | 68,135 (69.9%) | <0.001 |
| Known PVD | 11,144 (14.2%) | 12,236 (14.0%) | 12,436 (14.2%) | 12,036 (14.0%) | 12,236 (12.6%) | 0.03 |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction | ||||||
| Good (LVEF >50%) | 29,917 (40.1%) | 36,502 (41.8%) | 36,202 (41.4%) | 36,602 (42.5%) | 39,087 (40.1%) | 0.342 |
| Moderate (30–50%) | 22,288 (30.1%) | 26,422 (30.2%) | 26,122 (29.9%) | 26,522 (30.8%) | 26,122 (26.8%) | 0.435 |
| Poor (<30%) | 14,659 (20.0%) | 17,681 (20.2%) | 17,381 (19.9%) | 17,781 (20.7%) | 21,209 (21.8%) | 0.261 |
| Not measured | 7,829 (10.6%) | 8,440 (9.7%) | 8,740 (10.0%) | 8,640 (10.0%) | 9,455 (9.7%) | 0.243 |
| Smoking status | ||||||
| Current smoker | 24,717 (31.3%) | 29,918 (34.2%) | 29,518 (33.8%) | 29,818 (34.6%) | 35,286 (36.2%) | 0.025 |
| Ever smoked (current + ex-smoker) | 48,618 (61.8%) | 52,643 (60.2%) | 52,243 (59.7%) | 52,643 (61.1%) | 60,109 (61.7%) | 0.221 |
| Never | 25,645 (34.2%) | 34,962 (40.0%) | 34,562 (39.5%) | 34,962 (40.6%) | 40,306 (41.3%) | <0.001 |
| Valvular heart disease | 4,358 (6.2%) | 5,244 (6.0%) | 5,344 (6.1%) | 5,144 (6.0%) | 5,725 (5.9%) | 0.434 |
| NYHA functional class >3 | 8,715 (11.1%) | 9,615 (11.0%) | 9,515 (10.9%) | 9,715 (11.3%) | 9,815 (10.8%) | 0.11 |
Notes.
- CABG
- coronary artery bypass graft
- CAD
- coronary artery disease
- LVEF
- Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction
- NSTEMI
- non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction
- NYHA
- New-York Heart Association
- PCI
- percutaneous coronary intervention
- STEMI
- ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction