Table 3.
Different SQ and IR sodium MRI signal intensities and sodium concentrations (mean ± SD) are shown by using NIH Image J pixel density reader at different x, y pixel positions in tumor different regions of active necrosis, viable, apoptosis, cyst regions shown in a representative tumor in Figure 6. Untreated 3 control, 3 sham animals, and 3 water placebo injected animals; counterpart pre-treated 3 tumor bearing animals on day 1 and post-treated 6 tumor bearing animals on day 2 after taxotere injection showed distinct SQ and IR MRI sodium signal intensities in excised tumors (3 pretreated tumors and 16 post-treated tumors) at their different n = 160 tumor sites in pre-treated and n = 160 post-treated tumor sites showed comparable changes in SQ and IR sodium signal intensities. For validation, sodium MRI signal intensities changes were compared with histology and immunostaining methods in different tumor x, y positions (n = 160) showing different features in 24 hours post-treated animal tumors. % difference of sodium signal intensity represents comparison between control vs. sham or water placebo; pre-treated vs post-treated tumor sites. *Apoptosis represents single large nuclear bead inside the cytoplasm during terminal stage without nuclear fragmentation. Mitotic figures represent number of visible mitotic spindles observed per high field under microscope.
| Tumors (n = 16) features | SQ Sodium MRI | IR Sodium MRI | % difference | ||||
| signal intensity A.U. | concentration (mM) | signal intensity A.U. | concentration (mM) | SQ | IR | Mitotic figures (per HPF) | |
| Contol Phantom: | 9.5 ± 0.3 | 100 | 4.2 ± 0.5 | 10 | |||
| Day 1(0 hour): | |||||||
| Control(n = 41)sites | 5.6 ± 0.2 | 58.9 ± 2.1 | 4.5 ± 0.1 | 10.7 ± 1.0 | |||
| Sham(n = 40)sites | 5.5 ± 0.6 | 57.8 ± 6.3 | 4.6 ± 0.2 | 10.9 ± 2.1 | 1.7 ± 0.5 | ||
| Water placebo(n = 40) | 5.9 ± 0.8 | 62.0 ± 8.4 | 3.3 ± 0.3 | 7.8 ± 0.7 | 5.3 ± 2 | ||
| Pre-treatment | |||||||
| Tumor regions (n = 160 sites) | 2.4 ± 0.6 | ||||||
| Viable | 6.8 ± 1.1 | 71.5 ± 11.6 | 6.1 ± 0.8 | 14.5 ± 1.9 | |||
| Active necrosis | 7.6 ± 1.4 | 79.9 ± 9.4 | 8.6 ± 1.0 | 20.5 ± 2.4 | |||
| Apoptosis | 6.2 ± 0.9 | 65.2 ± 9.2 | 10.8 ± 1.2 | 26 ± 3 | |||
| Cyst | 19.5 ± 2.3 | 205.1 ± 24.2 | 7.2 ± 0.7 | 17.1 ± 1.6 | |||
| *Apoptosis | 6.2 ± 1.6 | 65.2 ± 16.8 | 10.3 ± 1.4 | 24.5 ± 3.3 | |||
| Day 2(24 hours): | |||||||
| Control(n = 41)sites | 4.7 ± 0.2 | 49.4 ± 2.1 | 3.5 ± 0.4 | 8.3 ± 0.9 | 16.0 ± 0.2 | 22 ± 0.6 | |
| Sham(n = 40)sites | 6.8 ± 0.8 | 71.5 ± 8.4 | 4.2 ± 1.1 | 10 ± 2.6 | 23.6 ± 3.3 | 8.6 ± 0.8 | |
| Taxotere injected (n = 40 sites) | 7.9 ± 0.4 | 83.1 ± 4.2 | 5.0 ± 0.4 | 11.9 ± 0.9 | 33.8 ± 0.5 | 51.5 ± 3.3 | |
| 24 hr Post treated | |||||||
| Tumor regions (n = 160 sites) | 8.5 ± 0.5 | ||||||
| Viable | 6.2 ± 1.6 | 65.2 ± 16.8 | 7.6 ± 1.2 | 18.0 ± 2.8 | 8.8 ± 0.5 | 24.5 ± 0.4 | |
| Active necrosis | 6.8 ± 1.2 | 71.5 ± 12.6 | 9.1 ± 1.0 | 21.6 ± 2.4 | 10.5 ± 1.4 | 5.8 ± 0.5 | |
| Apoptosis | 6.4 ± 0.9 | 67.3 ± 9.2 | 18.8 ± 1.7 | 44.7 ± 4.0 | 3.2 ± 0.0 | 74.0 ± 4.1 | |
| Cyst | 22.6 ± 2.6 | 237.7 ± 27.3 | 6.2 ± 1 | 14.7 ± 4.3 | 15.9 ± 1.3 | 13.8 ± 0.58 | |