Fig. 3. Peak ROEF values calculated from OROs of 24 atom-transfer reactions.
a The peak ROEF values for the forward processes, and b those for the backward processes. Black bars represent maximum forward ROEFs, while white bars show minimum backward ROEFs. These ROEF values correspond to the combined force FROEF = FCA − FBC along the B-C and C-A bonds, as defined in Fig. 1b. Reaction formulas are accompanied by the spin states of the reactive orbitals (noted in parentheses), along with their corresponding reaction types.