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. 2025 May 5;27:e66463. doi: 10.2196/66463

Table 5.

Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) “knee pain” (R2=0.392).


SSQa df1 F P value η 2 Partial η2
VASb pain score PREc 8395.020 1 51.784 <.001 0.138 0.185
Intervention 12,855.179 1 82.779 <.001 0.211 0.258
Recruiter 2259.651 6 2.185 .04 0.037 0.058
Pain medication 214.351 1 1.391 .24 0.004 0.006
Pain level 164.886 1 0.974 .32 0.003 0.004
Residual 36,984.465 d

aSSQ: sum of squares.

bVAS: visual analogue scale.

cPRE: survey before the first therapy session.

dNot applicable.