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. 2025 May 19;25:590. doi: 10.1186/s12884-025-07490-7

Table 1.

Outcomes of interest

Cardiometabolic outcomes Health behavior outcomes Psychosocial outcomes
Overweight/obesity, weight gain/retention, glycemic control/HbA1c/blood glucose, blood pressure, gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, heart rate, lipid profile, inflammatory factors such as interleukin physical activity, diet, sleep, smoking Stress, depression, anxiety, social support, self-efficacy, and quality of life