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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2026 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Compr Physiol. 2025 Apr;15(2):e70010. doi: 10.1002/cph4.70010

Figure 1. Vagal afferent neurons (VANs) regulate many aspects of feeding behavior.

Figure 1.

Gut-brain communication through vagal afferent neurons regulates physiological (blue shade) and cognitive (pink shade) aspects of feeding, including satiety, satiation, gut motility and secretion, glucose metabolism, osmotic balance, thermogenesis, food memory, and food reward. Created in https://BioRender.com