Table 3.

Summary of the network performance metrics achieved on the test set

Model	mIoU	t*	p**	mPA	t*	p**	Dice	t*	p**	Acc	t*	p**
UNet [13]	0.720	29.35	< 0.05	0.820	11.02	< 0.05	0.831	29.55	< 0.05	0.942	24.67	< 0.05
UNet +  + [15]	0.720	37.65	< 0.05	0.812	63.36	< 0.05	0.831	39.00	< 0.05	0.942	31.90	< 0.05
BPSegSys [16]	0.729	-5.12	< 0.05	0.819	2.33	0.02 (< 0.05)	0.837	2.01	0.04 (< 0.05)	0.944	2.61	< 0.05
VisTR [17]	0.727	6.23	< 0.05	0.822	4.64	< 0.05	0.835	8.14	< 0.05	0.944	3.20	< 0.05
Q-VUM	0.734	-	-	0.829	-	-	0.841	-	-	0.944	-	-

^*t value is calculated by paired T-test for the test results of Q-VUM and other models

^**P value is calculated by ANOVA for the test results of Q-VUM and other models calculated