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. 2025 Apr 23;13(2):47. doi: 10.3390/medsci13020047
NSCLC Non-small-cell lung cancer
DCA Dichloroacetate
SAL Salinomycin
SCLC Small-cell lung carcinoma
AMPK Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase
EGFR Epidermal growth factor receptor
TKIs Tyrosine kinase inhibitors
PDK Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase
CSCs Cancer stem cells
PDC Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex
TCA Tricarboxylic acid cycle
OXPHOS Oxidative phosphorylation
PDHE1α Pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 subunit 1 alpha
HIF1α Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha
MTCs Mono-carboxylic transporter proteins
ROS Reactive oxygen species
HUVEC Human umbilical vein endothelial cells
EMT Epithelial–mesenchymal transition
TGFs Transforming growth factors
TGFβ Transforming growth factor β
Cytc Cytochrome c
ER Endoplasmic reticulum
HNC Head and neck cancer
ERK1/2 Extracellular signal-regulated kinase ½
HGG High-grade glioma
mTOR Mammalian targets of rapamycin
LC3 Microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3
LC3B LC3 isoform B
p62 Sequestosome-1
Wnt Wingless-related integration site pathway
AKT-CA Ak strain transforming protein kinase B (Ca2+)
TS Thymidylate synthase
SIRT1 Sirtuin gene 1
NAG-1 NSAID-activated gene
ATF4 Activating transcription factor 4
DDIT3 DNA damage-inducible transcript 3
CHOP C/EBP homologous protein
TRIB3 Tribbles pseudokinase 3
AKT1 AKT serine/threonine kinase 1
DADA Diisopropylamine dichloroacetate
TME Tumor microenvironment