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. 2025 May 25;11:52. doi: 10.1038/s41405-025-00342-8

Table 2.

Characteristics of waste audits that include polymer waste data.

Study Setting Sample size Time Data
Yeoh et al. [33] 1 dental faculty undergraduate clinic, 50 patient units/students 50 patients 1 day, 2021.08 Polymer waste mass
Oxborrow et al. [32] 1 dental faculty undergraduate preclinic, simulated restorative intervention No patients, 72 students 4 h, 2023.02.22 Polymer waste mass
Martin et al. [5] 4 clinics, 1 teaching hospital + 1 NHS primary care+ 2 primary/private care 150 observations (Patient n, no information) 120 days, 2019.10-2020.02 Polymer waste mass
Alstrom [31] 1 clinic, private, 4 dentist+3 hygienist operatories Patient n, no information 5 days, 2021.04-2021.04 Polymer waste mass
Wyssusek et al. [30] 1 hospital, 22 operating rooms 5 patients/day (estimated) 31 days, 2019.08-2019.09 Polymer waste mass per compound
Aghalari et al. [29] 53 clinics, 40 general dentistry + 13 speciality, randomly selected Patient n, no information—(Average 240 pts./day (gen) 6 78 pts/day (spec)) 3 days/week for one month, 2018.06-2018.08 Polymer waste mass
Voudrias et al. [28] 20 clinics, 19 private + 1 public, randomly selected, 2542 patients 20 days, 2013.04-2013.07 Polymer waste mass
Momeni et al. [27] 48 clinics, partaking from n = 60 invited Patient n, no information 3 days/week for two months, 08.2017-09.2017 Polymer waste mass
Mandalidis et al. [26] 20 clinics, 19 private + 1 public, randomly selected 2542 patients 20 days, 2013.04-2013.07 Polymer waste mass
Majlesi et al. [25] 21 clinics, public, randomly selected, Patient n, no information 3 days, 2016.06-2016.09 Polymer waste mass
Richardson et al. [24] 1 clinic, mixed NHS/private dental practice Patient n, no information 2 days x 2, 2014.08 2014.09 Polymer waste mass
Amouei et al. [23] 25 clinics, 20 general dentistry + 5 speciality clinics Patient n, no information 3 samples, year no information Polymer waste mass
Nabizadeh et al. [22] 50 clinics, 45 public + 5 private, randomly selected Patient n, no information 3 days, 2012 Polymer waste mass
Nabizadeh et al. [21] 28 clinics, 10 general dentistry + 8 speciality + 5 ‘practical dentists’ + 5 denturist, randomly selected Patient n, no information 3 samples, year no information Polymer waste mass
Kizlary et al. [20] 23 clinics, 20 private + 1 public Patient n, no information 22 days, 2002.05-2002.06 Polymer waste mass
Ozbek et al. [19] 1 dental faculty clinics, 8 departments Patient n, no information—(Average >300 patients/day) 1 day, 2002.04 + 1 working day, 2002.05 Polymer waste mass