Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2025 May 24;8:797. doi: 10.1038/s42003-025-08241-2

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2025

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if you modified the licensed material. You do not have permission under this licence to share adapted material derived from this article or parts of it. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

Fig. 6 — a Heatmaps showing PVCs of place cells excluding OVC-like neurons recorded from each subregion between trials (top two rows), as well as changes in PVC between trial pairs (bottom row) in object-relocation task. Small circles represent objects, large circles indicate the target region. b Degree of changes in PVC within ROI between trial pairs across CA1 bands, with outliers omitted. pCA1, 0.075 (0.043–0.110), mCA1, 0.127 (0.081–0.187), dCA1, 0.244 (0.183–0.308); Kruskal–Wallis test, H = 128.394, P < 0.001, η² = 0.533, n = 240 bins; Holm–Bonferroni post hoc tests, ***P < 0.001. c Degree of changes in PVC at original and current locations between trial pairs across CA1 bands, with outliers omitted. Original location: pCA1, 0.089 (0.058–0.125), mCA1, 0.130 (0.091–0.201), and dCA1, 0.285 (0.229–0.319). Current location: pCA1, 0.069 (0.022–0.090), mCA1, 0.108 (0.069–0.170), and dCA1, 0.198 (0.147–0.291); Population responses at the original and current locations were significantly different: two-way ANOVA: band: F (2, 156) = 182.131, P < 0.001, η² = 0.700; location: F (1, 78) = 17.137, P < 0.001, η² = 0.180; band × location: F (2, 156) = 1.187, P = 0.308. Holm–Bonferroni post hoc tests across subregions, ***P < 0.001. d Heatmaps showing changes in PVC for population of place cells without OLC neurons between trial pairs, as well as reductions in PVC change (compared to the bottom panel in (a) after exclusion for CA1 subregions. Circles indicate ROI. e Reductions in PVC at original and current locations after exclusion of OLC neurons across CA1 bands, with outliers omitted. Original location: pCA1, 0.077 (0.038–0.141), mCA1, 0.080 (0.052–0.105), and dCA1, 0.045 (0.020–0.077). Current location: pCA1, 0.008 (0.003–0.021), mCA1, −0.002 ( − 0.010–0.008), and dCA1, −0.001 (−0.008 to 0.002). Two-way ANOVA: band: F (2, 156) = 47.814, P < 0.001, η² = 0.380; location: F (1, 78) = 121.416, P < 0.001, η² = 0.609; band × location: F (2, 156) = 16.810, P < 0.001, η² = 0.177. Holm–Bonferroni post hoc tests at original location, ***P < 0.001. f Normalized PVC change after OLC neuron exclusion at original location across CA1 bands, with outliers omitted. pCA1, 0.901 (0.417–1.000), mCA1, 0.547 (0.416–0.622), and dCA1, 0.163 (0.077–0.245); Kruskal–Wallis test, H = 71.904, P < 0.001, η² = 0.597, n = 120 bins. Holm–Bonferroni post hoc tests, ***P < 0.001. g–i Similar to (d–f), but shows changes in PVC for population of place cells without CLC neurons (g), reductions in PVC (h). OL: pCA1, −0.0003 (−0.0007 to 0.0002), mCA1, 0.001 (−0.003 to 0.005), and dCA1, 0.011 (−0.001 to 0.025). CL: pCA1, 0.021 (0.010–0.031), mCA1, 0.034 (0.023–0.050), and dCA1, 0.056 (0.033–0.092); Two-way ANOVA: band: F (2, 156) = 44.460, P < 0.001, η² = 0.363; location: F (1, 78) = 150.555, P < 0.001, η² = 0.659; band × location: F (2, 156) = 15.285, P < 0.001, η² = 0.164. Holm–Bonferroni post hoc tests at CL, all P < 0.001, and normalized PVC change at current location (i). pCA1, 0.290 (0.183–0.404), mCA1, 0.389 (0.178–0.523), and dCA1, 0.270 (0.107–0.630); Kruskal–Wallis test, H = 0.658, P = 0.720, n = 120 bins. Holm–Bonferroni post hoc tests, n.s. not significant; *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.