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. 2025 May 13;12:1538133. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1538133

TABLE 2.

Association of gastric cancer with baseline characteristics.

Univariate model Multivariate model
OR (95% CI) p-value OR (95% CI) p-value
Age 1.08 (1.07–1.09) < 0.001 1.07 (1.06–1.08) < 0.001
Female sex 0.41 (0.31–0.53) < 0.001 0.54 (0.36–0.82) 0.004
BMI, kg/m2 0.84 (0.80–0.88) < 0.001 0.83 (0.79–0.87) < 0.001
Smoking 1.25 (1.06–1.46) 0.007 1.23 (1.01–1.51) 0.043
Alcohol 0.86 (0.74–1.01) < 0.001
Hunger time 1.01 (0.96–1.06) 0.660
Outside fasting 0.49 (0.42–0.58) < 0.001 1.22 (1.02–1.47) 0.030
Income 0.63 (0.55–0.71) < 0.001
Education 0.57 (0.51–0.64) < 0.001
Hypertension 1.71 (1.30–2.24) < 0.001
Diabetes 1.51 (1.01–2.18) 0.035

OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; BMI, body mass index.