| AAV | Adeno-associated virus |
| Ahr | aryl hydrocarbon receptor |
| ABCC2 | ATP-binding cassette subfamily C member 2 |
| ACl | ATP citrate lyase |
| ACC1 | acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase 1 |
| AKR1B1 | aldo-keto reductase family 1B member 1 |
| ALH1A1 | aldehyde dehydrogenase family 1A member 1 |
| AMD | age-related macular degeneration |
| ATG5 | autophagy-related 5 |
| ATG7 | autophagy-related 7 |
| ATP6VOA1 | V-ATPase |
| ARE | antioxidant response element |
| BTB | bric-a-brac domain |
| CALCOCO2 | calcium-binding and coiled-coil domain 2 |
| CFH | complement factor H |
| cGS | c-glutamate cysteine synthetase; FAS, fatty acid synthase |
| CLEAR | coordinated lysosomal expression and regulation |
| CNC | cap ‘n’ collar |
| CRL | cullin–RING ligases |
| CRYAB | Alpha-B crystallin |
| CTSB | cathepsin B |
| CUL3 | cullin 3 |
| DMF | dimethyl fumarate |
| G6PDH | glucose-6-phosphatedehydrogenase |
| GPx | glutathione peroxidase |
| Gpx8 | glutathione peroxidase 8 |
| GR | glutathione reductase |
| GSTP1 | glutathione peroxidase P1 |
| HMOX1 | heme oxygenase-1 |
| HQ | hydroquinone |
| IDH1 | isocitratedehydrogenase 1 |
| IVR | intervening region |
| KEAP1 | Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 |
| LAMP2 | lysosomal-associated membrane protein 2 |
| ME | malic enzyme |
| MMF | monomethylfumarate |
| MTHFD2 | methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 2 |
| mTOR | mammalian target of rapamycin |
| mTORC1 | mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 |
| NFE2L2 | NFE2-Like BZIP transcription factor-2 |
| NF-kB | nuclear factor-κB |
| NRF2 | nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 |
| OxS | oxidative stress |
| PEDF | pigment epithelium-derived factor |
| PGD | phosphogluconate dehydrogenase |
| POS | photoreceptor outer segments |
| PPAT | phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate amidotransferase |
| PSMB7 | proteasome subunitbtype-7 |
| PTN | pleiotrophin |
| p62 | sequestosome 1 |
| RPE | retinal pigmented epithelium |
| RBX1 | RING-box protein 1 |
| ROS | reactive oxygen species |
| SCD1 | stearoyl-CoA desaturase |
| SFN | sulforaphane |
| SNP | single-nucleotide polymorphism |
| SOD | superoxide dismutases |
| SQSTM1 | sequestosome 1 |
| SULT1A1 | sulfotransferase family 1A member 1 |
| sMAF | small musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homologue |
| tBH | tert-butylhydroperoxide |
| TFEB | transcription factor EB |
| TrxR | thioredoxin reductase |
| UGT1A1 | UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A1 |
| ULK1 | Unc-51-like autophagy-activating kinase 1 |
| VAMP8 | vesicular associated membrane protein 8 |
| VEGF | vascular endothelial growth factor |