ADC	Antibody–drug conjugate
AI	Artificial intelligence
AKT	Serine/threonine kinase
AuNP	Gold nanoparticle
BiTE	Bispecific T-cell engagers
BsAbs	Bispecific antibodies
BRD4	Bromodomain-containing protein 4
CAR-NK	Chimeric antigen receptor natural killer
CAR-T	Chimeric antigen receptor T
CD117	Cluster of differentiation 117
CDDP	Cisplatin
CRT	Chemoradiotherapy
CTLA-4	Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4
DNMT	DNA methyltransferase
EBV	Epstein–Barr virus
EGFR	Epidermal growth factor receptor
EPR	Enhanced permeability and retention
ERK	Extracellular signal-regulated kinase
EZH2	Enhancer of zeste homolog 2
FAS	Fatty acid synthase
FDA	Food and Drug Administration
FGFR	Fibroblast growth factor receptor
5-FU	5-Fluorouracil
Gel-N	Gelatin nanoparticles
HDAC	Histone deacetylase
HER2	Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2
HNC	Head and neck cancer
HNSCC	Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
HPV	Human papillomavirus
ICB	Immune checkpoint blockage
ICG	Indocyanine green
ICI	Immune checkpoint inhibitor
IMRT	Intensity-modulated radiotherapy
ITGB6	Integrin subunit beta 6
JAK	Janus kinase
LA	Locoregionally advanced
LRT	Local radiotherapy
MEK	Mitogen-activated protein kinase
MET	Mesenchymal–epithelial transition factor
Met-AP-2	Methionine aminopeptidase-2
MMP	Matrix metalloproteinase
mRNA	Messenger RNA
mTOR	Mechanistic target of rapamycin
NIR	Near-infrared
Nkcc1	Sodium–potassium–chloride cotransporter 1
NP	Nanoparticle
NPC	Nasopharyngeal cancer
OS	Overall survival
OSCC	Oral squamous cell carcinoma
PCC	Paclitaxel, carboplatin, and cetuximab
PD-1	Programmed cell death 1
PDGFR	Platelet-derived growth factor receptor
PD-L1	Programmed death-ligand 1
PDO	Patient-derived organoids
PDX	Patient-derived xenografts
PFS	Progression-free survival
PI3K	Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase
Pkcδ	Protein kinase C delta
POI	Protein of interest
PROTAB	Proteolysis-targeting antibody
PROTAC	Proteolysis-targeting chimera
PTT	Photothermal therapy
R/M	Recurrent or metastatic
Raf	Rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma
RET	Rearranged during transfection
RNA-LPX	Ribonucleic acid lipoplex
RR	Response rates
RRM2	Ribonucleotide reductase subunit M2
RT	Radiotherapy
SCF	Skp1-Cullin-F box
SG	Salivary glands
siRNA	Small interfering RNA
SMG	Submandibular glands
SQLE	Squalene epoxidase
STAT3	Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3
tLNPs	Targeted lipid-based nanoparticles
TAA	Tumor-associated antigens
TME	Tumor microenvironment
TPD	Targeted protein degradation
Trop-2	Trophoblast cell surface antigen 2
TSA	Tumor-specific antigens
TSN	Toosendanin
UPS	Ubiquitin-proteasome system
VEGF	Vascular endothelial growth factor
VEGFR	Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor