| IBD | Inflammatory Bowel Disease |
| CD | Crohn’s Disease |
| UC | Ulcerative colitis |
| PsO | Psoriasis |
| GLP-1 | Glucagon-like peptide-1 |
| GLP-1RA | Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist |
| IMID | Immune Mediated Inflammatory Disease |
| cAMP | cyclic adenosine monophosphate |
| IEL | intra epithelial lymphocytes |
| CSMCs | colon smooth muscle cells |
| ILC3 | Group 2 innate lymphoid cells |
| PKA | protein kinase A |
| NFκB | Nuclear factor kappa beta |
| DSS | Dextran Sodium sulphate |
| Ex-4 | Exendin-4 |
| RT-qPCR | Real time quantitative (reverse transcriptase) polymerase chain reaction |
| CRP | C-reactive protein |
| LDH | lactate dehydrogenase |
| LPS | lipopolysaccharide |
| CREB | cAMP response element binding protein |
| TCR | T cell receptor |
| AdTr | adoptive transfer |
| DMS | N, N-dimethyl sphingosine |
| S1P | sphingosine-1-phosphate |
| LTβR | Lymphotoxin beta receptor |
| ELISA | enzyme linked immunosorbent assay |
| ClpB | Caseinolytic protease B |
| SNS | suppresses sympathetic nervous system |
| NE | norepinephrine |
| BT | bacterial translocation |
| TAC | total antioxidant capacity |
| SOD | superoxide dismutase |
| GSH | glutathione |
| MDA | malondialdehyde |
| T2DM | Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus |
| AOMs | anti-obesity medications |
| aOR | adjusted odds ratio |
| RA | rheumatoid arthritis |
| FLS | fibroblast-like synoviocytes |
| BMI | Body Mass Index |
| PsA | Psoriatic Arthritis |
| RCT | randomized controlled trial |
| PASI | Psoriasis Area Severity Index |
| DLQI | Dermatology Life Quality Index |
| iNKT cells | invariant natural killer T cells |