Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2025 May 21;22(5):811. doi: 10.3390/ijerph22050811

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© 2025 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

PMC Copyright notice

Types of technologies identified. BCI = brain computer interface; DBS = deep brain stimulation; EEG = electroencephalography; ELF-EMS = extremely low- frequency electromagnetic stimulation; tDCS = transcranial direct current stimulation; TPS = transcranial pulse stimulation; TUS = transcranial ultrasound stimulation; TMS = transcranial magnetic stimulation; rTMS = repetitive TMS (transcranial magnetic stimulation; sTMS = single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation; TBS = theta-burst stimulation.