. 2025 May 27;133(5):057023. doi: 10.1289/EHP15457

Table 2.

Mean coefficient estimates and 95% Bayesian credible interval (BCI) for the environmental and sociodemographic variables considered in the models for a study of nephropathia epidemica outbreaks in Western Europe (2004–2012). Regression coefficients for covariates are presented as a risk ratio (RR), which represents the change in prevalence for a unit change in that covariate given that all other variables are kept constant.

Covariate	Mean	SD	Q2.5%	Q9.75%	RR	95% BCI
Human population (number of inhabitants per polygon)	0.23	0.02	0.18	0.27	1.25	1.20–1.31 ^a
Area ( ${km}^{2}$ )	0.28	0.04	0.21	0.35	1.32	1.23–1.42 ^a
*Fagus sylvatica* (% per ${km}^{2}$ per polygon area)	0.07	0.03	0.01	0.14	1.08	1.01–1.15 ^a
Bank vole–human interface 1 (%)^b	0.04	0.03	$negative 0.02$	0.11	1.04	0.98–1.11
*Quercus petraea* (% per ${km}^{2}$ per polygon area)	0.08	0.03	0.01	0.14	1.08	1.01–1.15 ^a
Quercus robur (% per ${km}^{2}$ per polygon area)	0.04	0.04	$negative 0.03$	0.12	1.04	0.97–1.12
Bank vole preferred habitat (% per polygon)	0.35	0.06	0.22	0.47	1.41	1.25–1.59 ^a
Bank vole suitable habitat (% per polygon)	$negative 0.04$	0.08	$negative 0.20$	0.11	0.96	0.82–1.12
Length greening season (lag 1) (number of days)	0.06	0.04	$negative 0.03$	0.14	1.06	0.97–1.15
Length greening season (lag 2) (number of days)	$negative 0.01$	0.04	$negative 0.09$	0.07	0.99	0.91–1.07
Length greening season (no lag) (number of days)	0.06	0.05	$negative 0.03$	0.15	1.06	0.97–1.16
Annual net primary productivity (lag 1) ( $kg \times {C / m}^{2}$ )	$negative 0.21$	0.11	$negative 0.41$	0.00	0.81	0.66–1.00
Autumn snow days (lag 1) (number of days)	$negative 0.14$	0.05	$negative 0.24$	$negative 0.04$	0.87	0.78–0.96 ^a
Spring snow days (lag 1) (number of days)	0.07	0.06	$negative 0.05$	0.20	1.07	0.95–1.22
Winter snow days (lag 1) (number of days)	$negative 0.08$	0.07	$negative 0.22$	0.05	0.92	0.81–1.05
Spring frost days (no lag) (number of days)	$negative 0.02$	0.04	$negative 0.11$	0.06	0.98	0.90–1.07
Autumn precipitation (lag 1) (mm)	$negative 0.25$	0.10	$negative 0.45$	$negative 0.06$	0.78	0.64–0.94 ^a
Spring precipitation (lag 1) (mm)	$negative 0.08$	0.09	$negative 0.26$	0.11	0.92	0.77–1.11
Summer precipitation (lag 1) (mm)	0.15	0.08	$negative 0.01$	0.31	1.17	0.99–1.36
Summer precipitation (lag 2) (mm)	0.12	0.08	$negative 0.04$	0.28	1.13	0.96–1.32
Summer precipitation (lag 3) (mm)	0.08	0.08	$negative 0.07$	0.24	1.09	0.93–1.27
Spring precipitation (no lag) (mm)	$negative 0.09$	0.11	$negative 0.30$	0.12	0.91	0.74–1.12
Summer maximum temperature (lag 1) (°C)	$negative 0.04$	0.36	$negative 0.74$	0.67	0.96	0.48–1.95
Winter maximum temperature (lag 1) (°C)	$negative 1.65$	0.31	$negative 2.26$	$negative 1.04$	0.19	0.10–0.35 ^a
Summer maximum temperature (lag 2) (°C)	$negative 0.73$	0.35	$negative 1.42$	$negative 0.04$	0.48	0.24–0.96 ^a
Winter maximum temperature (lag 2) (°C)	0.03	0.29	$negative 0.54$	0.60	1.03	0.59–1.82
Summer maximum temperature (lag 3) (°C)	$negative 0.19$	0.31	$negative 0.80$	0.42	0.83	0.45–1.52
Spring maximum temperature (no lag) (°C)	1.25	0.33	0.59	1.90	3.48	1.81–6.69 ^a
Spring land surface temperature (no lag) (°C)	0.01	0.11	$negative 0.20$	0.22	1.01	0.82–1.25

Note: LGS, length of greening season; LST, land surface temperature; NPP, annual net primary productivity; Q, quantile; SD, standard deviation.

^{^a}

Significant variables are highlighted in bold and shown in Figure S1.

^{^b}

Percentage within a $300-meter$ radius of urban areas per kilometer squared per polygon.