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. 2025 May 13;13(10):1135. doi: 10.3390/healthcare13101135
AEAJRS Absolute error of active joint repositioning sense
BMI Body Mass Index
CI Confidence interval
ERC Estimated regression coefficient
ETF Early trunk flexion
FreBAQ Fremantle Back Awareness Questionnaire
HEMS Hip-extension muscle strength
HEROM Hip-extension range of motion
HFMS Hip flexion muscle strength
HFROM Hip flexion range of motion
LBP Low back pain
LF Lumbar flexion angle
LHD Lumbar–hip angle difference
LTF Late trunk flexion
ODI Oswestry Disability Index
VAS Visual Analog Scale