| NCDs | Non-communicable diseases |
| CVDs | Cardiovascular diseases |
| PM2.5 and PM10 | Particulate matter with diameter of 2.5 μm or less (PM2.5) and 10 μm or less (PM10) |
| NOx | Nitrogen oxides |
| Sox | Sulphur oxides |
| Nrf2 | Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 |
| DNA | Deoxyribonucleic acid |
| DBPs | Disinfection by-products |
| THMs | Trihalomethanes |
| HAAs | Haloacetic acids |
| miRNA | Micro ribonucleic acid |
| T2D | Type 2 diabetes mellitus |
| WHO | World Health Organization |
| COPD | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| NF-κB24 | Nuclear factor kappa B |
| AMPs | Antimicrobial peptides |
| LNs | Lymph nodes |
| EDCs | Endocrine-disrupting chemicals |
| BPA | Bisphenol and phthalates A |
| BZ | Blue Zone |
| ROS | Reactive oxygen species |
| XME | Xenobiotic-metabolising enzymes |
| PAHs | Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons |
| AD | Alzheimer’s disease |