| AIV | Avian Influenza Virus |
| BLAST | Basic Local Alignment Search Tool |
| FAO | Food and Agriculture Organization |
| HA | Hemagglutinin |
| HPAI | Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza |
| IAV | Influenza A Virus |
| LPAI | Low-Pathogenicity Avian Influenza |
| MEGA | Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis |
| MENA | Middle East and North Africa |
| NA | Neuraminidase |
| NCBI | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
| NJ | Neighbor-Joining (phylogenetic method) |
| NNI | Nearest-Neighbor-Interchange |
| OIE | World Organization for Animal Health |
| Pi | Parsimony-Informative Sites |
| WHO | World Health Organization |