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. 2025 May 19;25(10):3199. doi: 10.3390/s25103199
UAV Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
PINNs Physics-Informed Neural Networks
IR Infrared
NDT Non-Destructive Testing
IRT Infrared Thermography
LSM Level Set Method
PIRT Passive Infrared Thermography
PBT Progressive Background-aware Transformer
mAP Mean Average Precision
MS-PINNs Multi-Subnet Physics-Informed Neural Network
AD Automatic Differentiation
PA Pixel Accuracy
IoU Intersection over Union
mIoU Mean Intersection over Union