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. 2025 May 14;13:1579618. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1579618

Table 2.

The association between individual phthalate concentration and the prevalence of CVD.

Variables OR (95% CI) p value P for trend
MEP
T1 Ref
T2 1.08 (0.61, 1.92) 0.779
T3 0.98 (0.63, 1.54) 0.944 0.915
MEHHP
T1 Ref
T2 0.70 (0.41, 1.20) 0.192
T3 1.34 (0.77, 2.35) 0.295 0.207
MiBP
T1 Ref
T2 1.59 (0.93, 2.75) 0.092
T3 1.86 (1.08, 3.18) 0.025 0.022
MEOHP
T1 Ref
T2 1.53 (0.89, 2.63) 0.123
T3 1.67 (0.96, 2.91) 0.068 0.076
MBzP
T1 Ref
T2 1.19 (0.65, 2.17) 0.577
T3 1.32 (0.78, 2.25) 0.295 0.293
MCNP
T1 Ref
T2 1.43 (0.89, 2.28) 0.134
T3 1.85 (1.18, 2.91) 0.008 0.011
MCOP
T1 Ref
T2 1.16 (0.65, 2.05) 0.617
T3 1.39 (0.83, 2.35) 0.210 0.205
MECPP
T1 Ref
T2 1.90 (1.10, 3.26) 0.021
T3 2.22 (1.28, 3.86) 0.005 0.008
MBP
T1 Ref
T2 1.20 (0.69, 2.10) 0.504
T3 1.68 (1.02, 2.76) 0.042 0.041
MCPP
T1 Ref
T2 0.82 (0.51, 1.32) 0.414
T3 1.44 (0.93, 2.23) 0.104 0.081

By comparing the second and third tertiles of each phthalate to the first, odds ratios (ORs) were calculated. The models were adjusted for age, gender, race/ethnicity, PIR, BMI, smoking status, hypertension, diabetes, total cholesterol, and eGFR.