Table 2.
Clinical characteristics comparing different stages of diabetic autonomic neuropathy
| SAD- | SAD+ | SAD++ | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | 4,408 (57.4) | 1,876 (24.4) | 1,392 (18.1) |
| Age, median (IQR) | 66 (58; 73) | 65 (57; 73) | 65 (57; 73) |
| BMI, median (IQR) | 28.4 (25.2; 32.1) | 29.3 (25.8; 33.5) | 30.0 (26.3; 34.3) |
| Diabetes duration, median (IQR) | 10 (5; 18) | 10 (5; 17) | 10 (5; 20) |
| Diabetes type, n (%) | |||
| Non-diabetic | 212 (4.8) | 63 (3.4) | 24 (1.7) |
| Type 1 Diabetes | 663 (15.0) | 220 (11.7) | 166 (11.9) |
| Type 2 Diabetes | 3,533 (80.1) | 1,593 (84.9) | 1,202 (86.4) |
| Education, n (%) | |||
| Municipal primary/lower secondary school (10 years) | 1,299 (33.6) | 503 (30.4) | 438 (35.1) |
| Upper secondary school/Academy profession graduate (11–15 years) | 330 (8.5) | 161 (9.7) | 97 (7.8) |
| University graduate, BSc/MSc (16 ≥ years) | 2,241 (57.9) | 988 (59.8) | 713 (57.1) |
| Income, n (%) | |||
| Low | 1,030 (23.4) | 528 (28.1) | 489 (35.1) |
| Middle | 1,459 (33.1) | 573 (30.5) | 421 (30.2) |
| High | 894 (20.3) | 388 (20.7) | 194 (13.9) |
| Unknown | 1,025 (23.3) | 387 (20.6) | 288 (20.7) |
SAD: symptoms of autonomic dysfunction, IQR: interquartile range. BMI: body mass index