Table 5.
Analysis of the Symptomatic Medicines Group
| Characteristics | Bivariate Analysis | Multivariate Analysis | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adherent N (%) |
Non-Adherent N (%) |
p-value | OR (95% CI) | p-value | |
| Age | |||||
| 18–29 | 10 (38.5) | 11 (42.3) | 1.000b | Not included | |
| 30–39 | 2 (7.7) | 3 (11.5, 1) | |||
| ≥40 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Working Status | |||||
| Housewife | 5 (19.2) | 8 (30.8) | 0.431a | Not included | |
| Employed | 7 (26.9) | 6 (23.1) | |||
| Last Education Level | |||||
| Elementary School | 0 | 1 (3.8) | 1.000c | Not included | |
| Junior High School | 1 (3.8) | 2 (9.1) | |||
| Senior High School | 6 (23.1) | 4 (15.4) | |||
| University | 5 (19.2) | 7 (26.9) | |||
| Trimester of Pregnancy | |||||
| First Trimester | 3 (11.5) | 2 (7.7) | 1.000c | Not included | |
| Second Trimester | 1 (3.8) | 2 (7.7) | |||
| Third Trimester | 8 (30.8) | 10 (38.5) | |||
| First Pregnancy | |||||
| Yes | 9 (34.6) | 4 (15.4) | 0.047a | Reference | |
| No | 3 (11.5) | 10 (38.5) | 23.92 (1.08–530.55) | 0.045* | |
| Comorbid | |||||
| No | 9 (34.6) | 11 (42.3) | 1.000b | Not included | |
| Yes | 3 (11.5) | 3 (11.5) | |||
| Amount of Medicine Used | |||||
| 1–2 | 10 (38.5) | 6 (23.1) | 0.051b | Reference | |
| 3–5 | 2 (7.7) | 8 (30.8) | 29.55 (1.06–825.08) | 0.046* | |
| >5 | 0 | 0 | |||
| BMQ-Overuse Median (IQR) | 9.5 (8–12) | 12 (10.25–13.75) | 0.020d | 1.63 (0.63–4.23) | 0.319 |
| BMQ-Harm Median (IQR) | 10 (8–10.5) | 12 (9.25–13.75) | 0.078d | 1.18 (0.51–2.71) | 0.697 |
| BMQ-Side effect, Median (IQR) | 2 (2–2) | 2 (2–2) | 0.806d | Not included | |
| Medication Beliefs | |||||
| Positive | 8 (30.8) | 7 (26.9) | 0.994c | Not included | |
| Negative | 3 (11.5) | 7 (26.9) | |||
| Neutral | 1 (3.8) | 0 | |||
Notes: aChi-square test; bExact Fisher test; cKolmogorov–Smirnov test; dmann–Whitney test; *significant at p value<0.05. Multivariate analysis was validated by Hosmer-Lemeshow with p-value of 0.950 and R2 value of 62.8%.
Abbreviation: OR, odds ratio.