Table 2.
Single-metal regression models for the associations of urinary metals and SBP
| Metals | βa (95%CI) | Quartiles of whole urine metals (μg/g creatinine) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | P-trend | ||
| Al | 0.002 (−0.007,0.011) | Ref | 0.031 (−0.002,0.063) | 0.011 (−0.021,0.044) | 0.014 (−0.018,0.047) | 0.217 |
| Ti | −0.005 (−0.015,0.005) | Ref | 0.028 (−0.004,0.060) | −0.000 (−0.033,0.032) | −0.001 (−0.034,0.031) | 0.441 |
| V | 0.009 (−0.005,0.022) | Ref | 0.000 (−0.032,0.033) | 0.024 (−0.009,0.056) | 0.012 (−0.020,0.045) | 0.224 |
| Cr | 0.007 (−0.005,0.018) | Ref | 0.025 (−0.007,0.058) | 0.019 (−0.013,0.052) | 0.011 (−0.022,0.043) | 0.568 |
| Fe | 0.006 (0.001,0.012)* | Ref | 0.036 (0.004,0.068)* | 0.024 (−0.009,0.056) | 0.037 (0.004,0.070)* | 0.008 |
| Mn | 0.006 (0.001,0.012)* | Ref | 0.029 (−0.003,0.061) | 0.038 (0.006,0.070)* | 0.011 (−0.021,0.043) | 0.515 |
| Co | 0.003 (−0.002,0.007) | Ref | 0.012 (−0.020,0.045) | 0.015 (−0.017,0.048) | 0.016 (−0.017,0.049) | 0.099 |
| Ni | 0.006 (−0.001,0.012) | Ref | 0.020 (−0.012,0.053) | 0.004 (−0.029,0.037) | 0.022 (−0.010,0.055) | 0.092 |
| Cu | 0.004 (−0.006,0.014) | Ref | −0.001 (−0.034,0.031) | 0.004 (−0.029,0.037) | 0.009 (−0.024,0.041) | 0.543 |
| As | −0.004 (−0.021,0.012) | Ref | −0.001 (−0.033,0.032) | 0.015 (−0.017,0.048) | −0.005 (−0.037,0.027) | 0.715 |
| Zn | −0.001 (−0.006,0.005) | Ref | 0.013 (−0.019,0.045) | −0.000 (−0.032,0.032) | −0.006 (−0.039,0.026) | 0.751 |
| Se | 0.008 (−0.008,0.023) | Ref | 0.015 (−0.017,0.048) | −0.001 (−0.034,0.031) | 0.005 (−0.028,0.038) | 0.676 |
| Sr | −0.001 (−0.004,0.003) | Ref | 0.014 (−0.018,0.046) | 0.004 (−0.028,0.037) | 0.009 (−0.023,0.041) | 0.754 |
| Mo | −0.001 (−0.013,0.011) | Ref | 0.037 (0.005,0.069)* | 0.008 (−0.024,0.041) | −0.006 (−0.038,0.027) | 0.171 |
| Ag | 0.001 (−0.002,0.003) | Ref | −0.017 (−0.049,0.015) | 0.030 (−0.002,0.062) | 0.008 (−0.024,0.040) | 0.072 |
| Cd | 0.005 (−0.004,0.015) | Ref | 0.026 (−0.006,0.058) | 0.013 (−0.019,0.046) | 0.021 (−0.012,0.053) | 0.196 |
| Sb | 0.003 (−0.001,0.006) | Ref | −0.003 (−0.036,0.029) | 0.026 (−0.006,0.059) | 0.015 (−0.018,0.047) | 0.054 |
| Tl | 0.005 (−0.003,0.013) | Ref | −0.009 (−0.041,0.024) | 0.017 (−0.015,0.050) | 0.007 (−0.026,0.039) | 0.075 |
| Pb | 0.001 (−0.002,0.004) | Ref | 0.003 (−0.029,0.036) | 0.011 (−0.022,0.044) | 0.015 (−0.018,0.047) | 0.048 |
Al aluminium, Ti titanium, V vanadium, Cr chromium, Mn manganese, Fe iron, Co cobalt, Ni nickel, Cu copper, Zn zinc, As arsenic, Se selenium, Sr strontium, Mo molybdenum, Ag silver, Cd cadmium, Sb antimony, Ba barium, Tl thallium, Pb lead. All models had adjustments for age, sex, BMI, smoke, drink, education, family income, occupation
amultivariate linear regression, urinary metal and systolic blood pressure were ln-transformed. *p < 0.05