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. 2025 May 30;25:777. doi: 10.1186/s12913-025-12860-0

Table 2.

Baseline 24-Item behavior and symptom identification scale and addiction severity index scores, N = 54

Reference values
Symptom Scale Mean (SD) Low severity Moderate severity High severity
BASIS-24*
 Depression & Functioning 1.08 (0.37) 0.46 0.91 1.37
 Interpersonal Relationships 0.27 (0.13) 0.13 0.27 0.40
 Self-Harm 0.09 (0.14) 0.10 0.20 0.30
 Emotional Lability 0.39 (0.14) 0.16 0.33 0.49
 Psychosis 0.15 (0.10) 0.09 0.19 0.28
ASI
 Alcohol use 0.16 (0.28) 0.08 0.13 0.25
 Drug use 0.11 (0.13) 0.06 0.10 0.19

BASIS-24 24-Item Behavior and Symptom Identification Scale, ASI Addiction Severity Index

*Lower BASIS-24 scores indicate less difficulty or frequency with the symptom, and reference values for each subscale were obtained by multiplying the item weights by one, two, and three respectively corresponding to responses of a little, moderate, and quite a bit of difficulty

Lower ASI Scores, ranging from zero to one, indicate lower severity, and reference values for each subscale were based on baseline ASI scores associated with a low, intermediate, or severe Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST-10) in a RCT for a primary care-based problem drug use intervention [29]