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. 2025 May 30;23:53. doi: 10.1186/s12955-025-02372-0

Table 1.

Demographic and health characteristics of individuals with and without heart failure

Characteristics HF (N = 1,142) No HF (N = 31,879)
Unhealthy days*—Physical (mean, (SD))

8.46

(11.47)

3.42

(8.07)

Unhealthy days*—Mental (mean, (SD))

5.42

(9.45)

3.86

(7.88)

Missing** 159 (14%) 4,219 (13%)
Age (mean, (SD))

66.72

(12.86)

46.06

(18.45)

Age at diagnosis

(mean, (SD))

57.71

(17.05)

N/A
Male (%) 50.80 47.95
Race (%)
White 73.87 69.64
Black 14.52 11.22
Hispanic 6.47 13.01
Other/non-available 5.12 6.12
Insurance (any, yes = 1) (%) 92.36 80.29
Private 44.39 64.03
Medicare 66.42 15.65
Medicaid 14.61 5.37

*coded as a number between 0 and 30. ** Not all survey participants respond to the HD questionnaire