Table 1.
Baseline characteristics (before and after matching)
| Parameter [median (IQR)/%] |
Total | LAC | CAC | p | total | LAC | CAC | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | 203 | 108 | 95 | 86 | 43 | 43 | ||
| Age (years) | 62 (54,68) | 59 (52,68) | 63 (58,68) | 0.035 | 63 (57,68) | 65 (55,68) | 62 (57,67) | 0.406 |
| Gender | 62 (30.5) | 25 (23.1) | 37 (38.9) | 0.022 | 30 (34.9) | 14 (32.6) | 16 (37.2) | 0.821 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25 (23,27) | 25.0 (23,28) | 24 (23,27) | 0.138 | 24 (22,27) | 24 (22,27) | 24 (23,26) | 0.598 |
| Myocardial infarction | 34 (16.7) | 16 (14.8) | 18 (18.9) | 0.550 | 12 (34.9) | 7 (16.3) | 5 (11.6) | 0.757 |
| Hypertension | 103 (50.7) | 49 (45.4) | 54 (56.8) | 0.136 | 43 (50.0) | 22 (51.2) | 21 (48.8) | 1.000 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 60 (29.7) | 36 (33.3) | 24 (25.5) | 0.291 | 26 (30.2) | 14 (32.6) | 12 (27.9) | 0.815 |
| Diabetes | 48 (23.6) | 24 (22.2) | 24 (25.3) | 0.548 | 22 (25.6) | 9 (20.9) | 13 (30.2) | 0.459 |
| Heart failure | 22 (10.8) | 9 (8.3) | 13 (13.7) | 0.319 | 11 (12.8) | 5 (11.6) | 6 (14.0) | 1.000 |
| Smoker | 82 (40.4) | 42 (38.9) | 40 (42.1) | 0.747 | 54 (62.8) | 26 (60.5) | 28 (65.1) | 0.824 |
| anticoagulant drugs | 23 (11.4) | 13 (12.1) | 10 (10.5) | 0.888 | 11 (12.8) | 7 (16.3) | 4 (9.3) | 0.520 |
| IABP | 138 (68.0) | 69 (63.9) | 69 (72.6) | 0.237 | 58 (67.4) | 30 (69.8) | 28 (65.1) | 0.818 |
| Cardiac arrest | 35 (17.2) | 21 (19.4) | 14 (14.7) | 0.484 | 13 (15.1) | 8 (18.6) | 5 (11.6) | 0.549 |
| D-dimer (ng/mL) | 3280 (1808,8011) | 3217 (1769,7736) | 3410 (1808,8916) | 0.759 | 4217 (2281,9506) | 5806 (2335,10197) | 3435 (2116,8989) | 0.371 |
| ATIII (%) | 45 (31,62) | 54 (39,71) | 38 (52,79) | < 0.001 | 43 (30,60) | 42 (32,61) | 45 (29,60) | 0.743 |
| ALB (g/L) | 25 (20,28) | 26 (23,30) | 22 (19,27) | 0.008 | 25 (21,30) | 26 (24,30) | 25 (20,28) | 0.300 |
| ALT (IU/L) | 154 (47,670) | 129 (45,443) | 198 (52,800) | 0.175 | 179 (54,746) | 156 (33,784) | 183 (56,733) | 0.911 |
| HB (g/L) | 67 (61,73) | 68 (62,75) | 66 (61,72) | 0.158 | 68 (62,74) | 68 (60,76) | 67 (62,74) | 0.832 |
| Platelet count (109/L) | 29 (17,50) | 39 (23,60) | 23 (12,34) | < 0.001 | 29 (16,50) | 30 (22,51) | 27 (14,42) | 0.231 |
| MAP (mmHg) | 50 (42,59) | 51 (40,59) | 50 (42,60) | 0.326 | 50 (42,58) | 50 (40,59) | 50 (43,58) | 0.678 |
| Lactate (mmol/L) | 8.9 (4.9,14.4) | 8.4 (4.5,13.0) | 9.5 (5.5,15.0) | 0.089 | 9.3 (4.5,14.6) | 8.5 (4.5,15.1) | 9.4 (4.5,14.5) | 0.990 |
| CPB | 150 (73.9) | 83 (76.9) | 67 (70.5) | 0.306 | 71 (82.6) | 36 (83.7) | 35 (81.4) | 1.000 |
| Time1 (h) | 35.9 (16.1,59.3) | 36.2 (18.7,47.3) | 35.4 (14.0,66.4) | 0.731 | 36.6 (20.3,47.6) | 37.0 (23.7,45.6) | 35.7 (15.4,65.8) | 0.997 |
| Compliance rate (%) | 50 (32,75) | 63 (43,80) | 39 (26,60) | <0.001 | 50 (32,71) | 50 (29,80) | 50 (36,67) | 0.962 |
| ECMO blood flow(L/min) | 3.4 (3.1,3.7) | 3.4 (3.2,3.7) | 3.4 (3.0,3.7) | 0.554 | 3.4 (3.2,3.7) | 3.4 (3.2,3.7) | 3.4 (3.1,3.9) | 0.710 |
| SOFA | 11 (9,12) | 11 (9,12) | 11 (10,12) | 0.068 | 11 (9,12) | 11 (9,12) | 11 (10,12) | 0.560 |
| Insatallation location | 0.581 | 0.305 | ||||||
| Cannulation in OR | 76 (38.0) | 42 (38.9) | 34 (37.0) | 35 (40.7) | 21 (48.8) | 14 (32.6) | ||
| Cannulation in ICU | 107 (53.5) | 54 (50.0) | 53 (57.6) | 41 (47.7) | 18 (41.9) | 23 (60.5) | ||
| Cannulation in ER | 4 (2.0) | 3 (2.8) | 1 (1.1) | 1 (1.2) | 1 (2.3) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Cannulation in CCL | 2 (1.0) | 1 (0.9) | 1 (1.1) | 1 (1.2) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (2.3) | ||
| Cannulation in Ward | 11 (5.5) | 8 (7.4) | 3 (3.3) | 6 (7.0) | 3 (7.0) | 3 (7.0) | ||
| Operation (%) | 0.487 | 0.638 | ||||||
| Valve repair/replacement | 39 (19.2) | 17 (15.7) | 22 (23.2) | 18 (20.9) | 7 (16.3) | 11 (25.6) | ||
| Isolated CABG | 81 (39.9) | 44 (40.7) | 37 (38.9) | 30 (34.9) | 17 (39.5) | 13 (30.2) | ||
| Combined CABG/valve surgery | 37 (18.2) | 19 (17.6) | 18 (18.9) | 17 (19.8) | 8 (18.6) | 9 (20.9) | ||
| TAVI | 11 (5.4) | 8 (7.4) | 3 (3.2) | 4 (4.7) | 3 (7.0) | 1 (2.3) | ||
| Other | 35 (17.2) | 20 (18.5) | 15 (15.8) | 17 (19.8) | 8 (18.6) | 9 (20.9) |
Data are presented as medians (25th–75th percentile) or n (%). LAC low anticoagulation strategy, CAC conventional anticoagulation strategy, IQR interquartile range, BMI body mass index, IABP intra-aortic balloon pump, ATIII anti-thrombin III, ALB albumin, ALT alanine aminotransferase, HB hemoglobin, PLT platelets, MAP mean arterial pressure, LAC lactates, CPB cardiopulmonary bypass, ER emergency room, OR operating room, ICU intensive care unit, CCL cardiac cath lab, CABG coronary artery bypass grafting, TAVI transcatheter aortic valve implantation. SOFA Sequential Organ Failure Assessment