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. 2025 May 30;25:553. doi: 10.1186/s12888-025-06968-0

Table 3.

Repeated measure ANOVA results comparing outcome variables between intervention and control groups

Outcomes Group T0 T1 T2 F value
Group × time effect Time effect Group effect
PANSS score 16.461* * * 2432.208* * * 22.110* * *
Intervention 98.02 ± 6.46 58.47 ± 3.39 52.19 ± 4.42
Control 97.29 ± 6.92 60.97 ± 2.62 59.06 ± 2.89
Positive Syndrome 22.727* * * 626.784* * * 41.970* * *
Intervention 26.69 ± 4.45 14.00 ± 2.25 9.47 ± 1.74
Control 26.50 ± 4.51 16.39 ± 1.77 15.04 ± 2.31
Negative Syndrome 0.579 881.898* * * 1.171
Intervention 23.32 ± 3.22 12.08 ± 1.34 11.97 ± 1.29
Control 22.62 ± 3.59 11.95 ± 1.28 11.83 ± 1.19
General psychopathology 1.988 1323.748* * * 3.582
Intervention 48.00 ± 3.11 32.39 ± 1.69 30.73 ± 3.56
Control 48.16 ± 2.94 32.62 ± 1.67 32.18 ± 1.74
C-CDRS 21.778* * 1079.315* * * 64.760* * *
Intervention 65.17 ± 8.52 28.23 ± 4.39 19.71 ± 4.00
Control 64.25 ± 8.63 33.66 ± 3.78 30.89 ± 4.55
PSYRA score 21.457* * * 1200.260* * * 20.661* * *
Intervention 30.93 ± 3.16 16.69 ± 2.44 13.80 ± 2.07
Control 30.64 ± 3.25 17.95 ± 2.16 17.79 ± 1.93
Auditory hallucination 0.062 356.872* * * 0.146
Intervention 15.02 ± 2.36 9.47 ± 1.58 9.30 ± 1.56
Control 15.16 ± 2.29 9.47 ± 1.59 9.45 ± 1.59
Delusion 47.123* * * 1019.084* * * 57.495* * *
Intervention 15.91 ± 1.79 7.21 ± 1.59 4.50 ± 1.18
Control 15.47 ± 2.20 8.47 ± 1.33 8.33 ± 1.13
ITAQ 110.593* * * 847.952* * * 145.973* * *
Intervention 7.04 ± 1.24 12.86 ± 1.49 17.00 ± 1.03
Control 7.08 ± 1.16 11.87 ± 1.45 11.85 ± 1.42

*P < 0.05

* *P < 0.01

* * *P < 0.001