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. 2025 May 29;27:94. doi: 10.1186/s13058-025-02053-2

Table 1.

Comparison of Urinary Biomarkers Between MBC and HC Cohorts (Training)

Variable HC (n = 30) IBC (n = 30) MBC (n = 29) P
Age, mean ± SD 52 ± 7 52 ± 7 62 ± 9 0.03*
Vitronectin, ng/ml 300 (140–840) 600 (320–1000) 1000 (400–1600) 0.05*
ZAG, ng/ml 20.1 (0–95) 0 (0–156.1) 85 (0−1596) 0.24
Tetranectin, ng/ml 6.4 (0–21.5) 0 (0–12.7) 0.0 (0–2.7) 0.04*

Biomaker data are median (interquartile range). P values using Kruskal–Wallis test. *Statistically significant