Table 2.
Subgroup analysis of dietary pattern and osteoporosis risk by country
| Dietary patterns | Geographic location | Number of studies | Pooled Odd ratio (95% CI) |
Heterogeneity | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P value | I2 (%) | P valuea | Model | ||||
| DII | Korea | 2 | 1.31 (1.14, 1.51) | < 0.001 | 0.00 | 0.760 | Random |
| US | 4 | 2.0 5 (1.61, 2.61) | < 0.001 | 1.8 | 0.383 | Random | |
| hPDI | China | 2 | 1.00 (0.36, 2.77) | 1.000 | 84.0 | 0.010 | Random |
| Others | 2 | 1.16 (1.05, 1.27) | 0.003 | 0.00 | 0.729 | Random | |
| PDI | China | 2 | 0.93 (0.56, 1.55) | 0.781 | 47.5 | 0.167 | Random |
| uPDI | China | 2 | 1.80 (0.93, 3.50) | 0.081 | 64.3 | 0.090 | Random |
| Others | 2 | 1.23 (0.99, 1.53) | 0.063 | 45.4 | 0.176 | Random | |
| Western/Unhealthy | Korea | 2 | 1.25 (0.84, 1.88) | 0.766 | 88.9 | 0.003 | Random |
| Others | 3 | 1.17 (0.61, 2.23) | 0.638 | 72.5 | 0.026 | Random | |
| Prudent/Healthy | Korea | 2 | 0.59 (0.48, 0.72) | < 0.001 | 0.00 | 0.870 | Random |
DII Dietary Inflammatory Index, PDI plant-based diet index, hPDI healthy plant-based diet index, uPDI unhealthy plant-based diet index, CI, confidence interval
aP value for heterogeneity within each subgroup