Table 3.
CMR Thresholds for TR Grading Proposed in Selected Prospective Studies of TR Patients
| First Author | Year | Study Type | Patient Population |
Primary Endpoint | N | Follow-Up | CMR Criteria for TR Volume (mL) (With aHR) |
CMR Criteria for TR Fraction (%) (With aHR) |
CMR Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zhan et al | 2020 | Prospective cohort | Functional TR | 5-y all-cause mortality | 547 | Median 2.6 y | Low: <30 (reference) Intermediate: 30-44 (1.46) High: 345 (2.26) |
Low: <30 (reference) Intermediate: 30-49 (1.21) High: 350 (2.60) |
Steady-state free-precession |
| Wang et al | 2021 | Prospective cohort | Isolated severe TR | 10-y all-cause mortality | 262 | Mean 2.5 y | Low: <30 High: 330 HR per 5 mL increase 1.05 (95% CI: 1.02-1.08) |
Minimal: <25 Low: 26-36 Intermediate: 37-49 High: 350 HR per 5% increase 1.13 (95% CI: 1.06-1.21) |
Steady-state free-precession |
| Seo et al | 2023 | Prospective cohort | Patients with HFrEF | 3-y: A composite of all-cause death and hospitalization for HF | 262 | Median 921 d | Low: 10 (reference) Intermediate: 10-30 (2.11 [95% CI: 1.15-3.89]) High: >30 (7.16 [95% CI: 3.33-15.41]) |
Low: ≤15 (reference) Intermediate: 16-30 (2.26 [95% CI: 1.14-4.51]) High: >30 (4.23 [95% CI: 2.22-8.04]) |
Steady-state free-precession |
| Hinojar et al | 2021 | Prospective cohort | Patients with significant TR | 5-y: A composite of hospital admission due to right heart failure and cardiovascular mortality | 75 | Median 3 y | Low: <42 (reference) High: >42 (HR 2.89) TR volume per 1 mL aHR: 1.06 (95% CI: 1.03-1.08) |
Low: <40 (reference) High: >40 (HR 4.04) TR fraction per 1% aHR: 1.02 (95% CI: 1.01-1.03) |
Steady-state free-precession |
aHR = adjusted HR; CMR = cardiac magnetic resonance; HF = heart failure; HFrEF = heart failure with reduced ejection fraction; TR = tricuspid regurgitation.