Table 5.

Serum chemistry markers of pigs fed experimental diets¹

Item	Reference value2	Control	Control + 800 TMU/kg β-Mannanase3	Control + 100,000 TMU/kg β-Mannanase	SEM	P-value
Sodium, mEq/L	135–150	136.37	135.93	135.97	0.28	0.386
Potassium, mEq/L	4–7	5.06	4.96	5.11	0.11	0.362
Chloride, mEq/L	95–110	100.97	100.53	100.75	0.37	0.627
Bicarbonate, mEq/L	19 - 31	26.72	27.15	26.83	0.48	0.791
Calcium, mg/dl	8–12	10.98	10.82	10.81	0.06	0.103
Phosphorus, mg/dl	4.5–11.5	10.40b	10.42b	11.10a	0.18	0.017
Magnesium, mg/dl	1.82–3.65	2.06	2.04	2.10	0.03	0.133
BUN4, mg/dl	6–30	4.80	4.70	4.97	0.28	0.768
Creatinine, mg/dl	0.5–2.7	0.91	0.92	0.94	0.02	0.651
Glucose, mg/dl	65–150	119.83	116.32	117.27	1.55	0.367
Total protein, gm/dl	7.0–8.9	4.92	4.88	4.91	0.05	0.866
Albumin, gm/dl	3.0–4.5	3.22	3.15	3.16	0.04	0.352
AST4, IU/L	10–300	46.95	49.80	47.02	3.16	0.766
Creatine kinase, IU/L	100–2500	898.47	1029.55	1018.38	161.56	0.695
ALKP4, IU/L	25–130	570.48	499.87	555.98	31.44	0.352
GGT4, IU/L	10–100	41.62	37.08	34.18	1.57	0.110
Total bilirubin, mg/dl	0–1	0.42	0.41	0.42	0.03	0.992
Anion gap	14 - 29	13.76	13.13	13.68	0.47	0.408

^a-bValues within a row lacking a common superscript letter are different (P < 0.05).

¹Data are least square means of 10 observations for all treatments.

²Reference Intervals were reported by Iowa State University’s Clinical Pathology Laboratory (2011) and Cooper et al. (2014).

³β-Mannanase = Natupulse® TS; BASF SE, Ludwigshafen, Germany. The β-mannanase unit TMU is defined as the amount of enzyme that produces reducing carbohydrates having a reducing power corresponding to one µmol mannose from locust bean gum (0.3 g/100 ml buffer solution) in one minute under the assay conditions of 50.0 +/-0.1 °C and pH 3.5.

⁴BUN = blood urea nitrogen; AST = aspartate transaminase; ALKP = alkaline phosphatase; GGT = gamma-glutamyl transferase.