Table 2.
Baseline factors associated with borderline case of anxiety (8 ≤ HADS_A ≤ 10) and post-stroke anxiety (PSA) (HADS_A ≥ 11) at 3, 6, and 12 months using multinomial logistic regression analysis
| Baseline characteristics |
3 months post-stroke |
6 months post-stroke |
12 months post-stroke |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Borderline case | PSA | Borderline case | PSA | Borderline case | PSA | |||||||
| p-value | UOR [95% CI] | p-value | UOR [95% CI] | p-value | UOR [95% CI] | p-value | UOR [95% CI] | p-value | UOR [95% CI] | p-value | UOR [95% CI] | |
| Age, mean (years) | 0.655 | 1.010 [0.967—1.055] | 0.722 | 1.006 [0.972—1.042] | 0.476 | 1.017 [0.971—1.064] | 0.555 | 0.989 [0.955—1.025] | 0.85 | 0.996 [0.950—1.043] | 0.784 | 1.006 [0.967—1.046] |
| Gender, Female | 0.657 | 1.250 [0.467—3.349] | 0.551 | 0.778 [0.340—1.778] | 0.186 | 0.486 [0.166—1.417] | 0.328 | 0.658 [0.284—1.524] | 0.643 | 0.769 [0.253—2.339] | 0.247 | 0.569 [0.220—1.476] |
| Educational level, Higher education | 0.499 | 0.700 [0.249—1.971] | 0.106 | 0.484 [0.201—1.167] | 0.339 | 0.592 [0.202—1.733] | 0.183 | 0.548 [0.226—1.329] | 0.411 | 0.616 [0.194—1.954] | 0.018 | 0.246 [0.077—0.787] |
| Professional status post stroke | ||||||||||||
| Person without any profession/retired | 0.490 | 0.625 [0.165—2.374] | 0.941 | 1.045 [0.319—3.423] | 0.358 | 0.532 [0.139—2.043] | 0.728 | 0.809 [0.244—2.680] | 0.49 | 0.625 [0.165—2.374] | 0.941 | 1.045 [0.319—3.423] |
| Unemployed | 0.187 | 2.917 [0.594—14.327] | 0.047 | 4.333 [1.022—18.382] | 0.132 | 3.5 [0.685—17.889] | 0.030 | 5.2 [1.173—23.043] | 0.187 | 2.917 [0.594—14.327] | 0.047 | 4.333 [1.022—18.382] |
| Employed | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| Health insurance | 0.642 | 0.704 [0.160—3.095] | 0.032 | 0.303 [0.102—0.902] | 0.004 | 0.138 [0.035—0.537] | 0.017 | 0.215 [0.061—0.757] | 0.004 | 0.149 [0.040—0.554] | 0.136 | 0.376 [0.104—1.358] |
| SSRS, Moderate | 0.832 | 1.133 [0.357—3.600] | 0.320 | 0.643 [0.269—1.536] | 0.048 | 8.182 [1.020—65.615] | 0.527 | 0.755 [0.317—1.802] | 0.78 | 1.216 [0.308—4.798] | 0.049 | 0.383 [0.147—0.995] |
| Sedentary duration | ||||||||||||
| 1 to 6 h/day | 0.013 | 0.210 [0.061—0.720] | < 0.001 | 0.035 [0.007—0.177] | 0.216 | 0.446 [0.124—1.603] | < 0.001 | 0.078 [0.020—0.312] | 0.013 | 0.121 [0.023—0.645] | 0.001 | 0.069 [0.014—0.346] |
| 7 to 11 h/day | 0.032 | 0.239 [0.065—0.882] | 0.076 | 0.407 [0.151—1.098] | 0.696 | 0.782 [0.227—2.690] | 0.142 | 0.479 [0.179—1.279] | 0.172 | 0.420 [0.121—1.458] | 0.085 | 0.400 [0.141—1.134] |
| ≥ 12 h/day | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| History of AF | 0.01 | 4 [1.402—11.409] | 0.021 | 2.833 [1.167—6.877] | 0.169 | 2.110 [0.729—6.109] | 0.017 | 2.914 [1.210—7.018] | 0.299 | 1.833 [0.584—5.753] | 0.008 | 3.565 [1.397—9.098] |
Bold numbers represent significant association with p-value ≤ 0.05
HADS_A Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale_ Anxiety score, PSA Post-stroke Anxiety, UOR Unadjusted Odds Ratio, CI Confidence Interval, SSRS Social Support Rating Scale, AF Atrial Fibrillation