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. 2025 May 28;18:6907–6926. doi: 10.2147/JIR.S503370

Table 3.

The Causal Effect of Spermidine to Choline Ratio and Homostachydrine Levels on Pressure Ulcer Evaluated by IVW Method for MR Analysis

Method Nsnp B SE p-value Low_ci Up_ci OR OR_lci95 OR_uci95 Heterogeneity_Q_p-val Pleiotropy_p-val PRESSO_p-val
Spermidine to choline ratio
MR Egger 17 0.4655 0.2270 0.0583 0.0205 0.9105 1.5928 1.0207 2.4856 0.2640
Weighted median 17 0.2499 0.1555 0.1082 −0.0550 0.5547 1.2838 0.9465 1.7414
Inverse variance weighted 17 0.3141 0.1185 0.0080 0.0818 0.5464 1.3690 1.0852 1.7270 0.2838 0.4445 0.3290
Simple mode 17 0.2455 0.2427 0.3269 −0.2302 0.7212 1.2782 0.7943 2.0568
Weighted mode 17 0.2599 0.2091 0.2318 −0.1499 0.6697 1.2968 0.8608 1.9536
Homostachydrine levels
MR Egger 24 −0.4332 0.1976 0.0392 −0.8204 −0.0460 0.6484 0.4402 0.9551 0.7542
Weighted median 24 −0.3750 0.1367 0.0061 −0.6430 −0.1071 0.6873 0.5257 0.8985
Inverse variance weighted 24 −0.2881 0.0964 0.0028 −0.4771 −0.0991 0.7497 0.6206 0.9056 0.7643 0.4092 0.7840
Simple mode 24 −0.4860 0.2498 0.0640 −0.9756 0.0035 0.6151 0.3770 1.0035
Weighted mode 24 −0.4389 0.2197 0.0577 −0.8695 −0.0082 0.6448 0.4192 0.9918